Author: Pushkina Natalya Vladimirovna
, dermatovenerologist of the first category, practicing trichologist, member of the Union of Trichologists and the Eurasian Association of Trichologists, teacher at the Nautilus School of Trichology
Seborrheic dermatitis is a serious scalp condition. The scalp peels intensely, a person is constantly bothered by itching, and there is a need to wash the hair frequently to prevent this active peeling. Inflammation may also accompany these manifestations. This problem must be solved comprehensively: properly cleansing the scalp, soothing it, moisturizing it, so that the problem does not reappear.
Reasons for appearance
To begin successful treatment, it is important to find out the causes of symptoms. Most likely, the flakes are caused by seborrheic dermatitis. Factors influencing its development:
- puberty, hormonal disorders;
- lack of vitamins;
- dysbacteriosis;
- improper diet;
- metabolic disorders;
- overwork;
- problems with the digestive system;
- abuse of hot, spicy, fatty and salty foods.
Peeling can also be caused by stress, climate change, emotional turmoil, HIV, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, coloring compounds, and inappropriate cosmetics.
Depilation or, conversely, leaving behind excess hairs can also lead to similar troubles. The reason may lie in heredity, diseases of internal organs, or unfavorable environmental conditions.
These factors contribute to the proliferation of the fungus, which under normal conditions, living on the skin, does not have a negative effect. The rapid spread of microbes is helped by the activation of the sebaceous glands. In these cases, the skin itches and a burning sensation occurs.
Why does seborrhea and seborrheic dermatitis occur?
The exact causes of seborrhea are unknown. Hypersecretion of the sebaceous glands (increased sebum production) can be caused by a genetic factor, so seborrheic dermatitis is often a hereditary disease.
Endocrine pathologies also play a significant role in the development of seborrhea. The sebaceous glands are sensitive to sex hormones - androgens (testosterone and its derivatives). With increased levels of androgens (hyperandrogenism), sebum production increases. Seborrhea in women is caused mainly by an imbalance of androgens and female sex hormones (progesterone, estrogens). Hormonal imbalance is also the cause of seborrhea during pregnancy.
In men, seborrhea often develops with hereditary hyperandrogenism, a disorder of androgen metabolism, or a malignant testicular tumor (seminoma). Seborrhea in adolescents often occurs with the onset of puberty, when the level of androgens in the blood increases. With its end, sebum production usually returns to normal, and the manifestations of seborrheic dermatitis gradually disappear.
The cause of seborrhea in newborns is the relatively large size of the sebaceous glands and their hyperactivity. The disease usually goes away when the child reaches two years of age.
Overactivity of the sebaceous glands and excess sebum lead to increased proliferation of yeast-like fungi of the genus Malassezia. They are part of the normal microflora of the skin and are present in small quantities on its surface. But with seborrhea, the number of fungi of the genus Malassezia increases many times, as they feed on sebum (sebum).
During their life, fungi secrete enzymes - lipase and phospholipase. They break down triglycerides contained in sebum and convert them into free fatty acids, which disrupt the skin's protective barrier, causing inflammation, redness and peeling.
Factors that provoke the development of seborrhea and seborrheic dermatitis also include:
- Parkinson's disease;
- epilepsy;
- Itsenko-Cushing's disease;
- schizophrenia;
- affective insanity;
- pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract;
- obesity;
- long-term use of medications containing glucocorticosteroids, testosterone, progesterone;
- stress;
- HIV AIDS. At the initial stage of HIV, seborrhea is diagnosed in 24% of patients. In AIDS patients, the incidence is approximately 30% of all cases.
Where to start treatment
When symptoms appear, you should pay increased attention to hygiene, nutrition, daily routine and immunity. Sometimes proper care can solve the problem without contacting a specialist. However, you should not delay going to the doctor. If you feel that your efforts are not bringing improvement, go to a dermatologist.
The doctor will prescribe an examination that will help identify the source of dandruff in the eyebrows. If it turns out that there are no skin problems, then the second specialist who should be visited is a gastroenterologist. He will begin to examine the internal organs.
If the gastrointestinal tract system is working normally, a consultation with a therapist is necessary, who, if necessary, will refer you to a neurologist, gynecologist, immunologist or endocrinologist.
Dandruff symptoms
The source of the appearance of small whitish scales is a fungus, which is normally found in the epidermis and does not cause harm. For various reasons, the microorganism can become activated and cause dandruff, the main symptoms of which are:
- excessive sebum secretion;
- greasy, stale and unkempt hair;
- need for frequent hair washing;
- lack of healthy shine and silkiness of hair;
- itching and peeling;
- redness of some areas of the head.
The main sign of dandruff is small light scales covering the surface of the scalp. With a long course of the pathological condition, the particles turn into large flakes.
Traditional methods of combating peeling
The problem of dandruff that forms in the eyebrows has long been known, so in folk medicine there are many recipes to combat the disease. In particular, it is proposed to use:
- Vaseline, linseed, castor, camphor oils;
- tea tree oil, which is famous for its antiseptic properties;
- baby creams;
- herbal infusions with St. John's wort, string, aralia, burdock - it is suggested to drink infusions or wipe the affected areas with them.
Traditional methods of treatment should be treated with caution. What is good for nourishing healthy skin is not always good for peeling and inflammation. Be sure to consult your doctor.
Complications of dandruff
If not treated in a timely manner, the pathology can lead to deterioration of the condition of the scalp and hair, which is expressed in the following:
- psoriasis of the seborrheic type - peeling extends to the eyebrows and parts of the body;
- seborrheic dermatitis - chronic inflammation associated with increased sebum secretion and prone to recurrence;
- pustular formations on the dermis - boils;
- atheromas - cystic formations of the sebaceous glands
- development of streptococcal and staphylococcal infections;
- hair loss;
- seborrheic alopecia.
Dandruff can also lead to the formation of acne, which is difficult to get rid of.
Prevention
To avoid dandruff in the eyebrows, you don’t have to look for the causes of the problem and methods of treatment; it is better to take preventive measures in time.
What does it include?
- Proper skin care. Washing gels, lotions, creams, peelings and other products should be selected according to your skin type.
- Acupressure using oils and creams.
- Using masks and essences to strengthen eyebrow hairs.
- Combing eyebrows along the growth line with special brushes.
- Visit to a cosmetologist.
Prevention methods, thanks to which you will never need treatment for dandruff on your eyebrows, also include maintaining a sleep schedule and proper nutrition, giving up bad habits and drinking enough water, and timely treatment of infectious and other diseases.
Hair loss
Hair loss is a common occurrence after a transplant operation.
Most often it occurs due to a stress reaction on the part of the scalp. Treatment of total alopecia Alopecia, or baldness, is quite common in men, but it also occurs in women and children. There are several types - focal, nested, diffuse, scar, non-scar. The most severe form is considered to be total alopecia, which leads to complete hair loss. It progresses gradually, appearing first in small areas, and over time affecting more and more areas. The intensity of the flow can vary from two to three months to a year or longer. Hair loss from stress The statement that all diseases are caused by nerves is not unfounded. Against the background of emotional stress, chemical processes occur in the body that negatively affect health. Caring for porous hair Why do some people have curls that shine in the sun, flutter beautifully in the wind and look like they came out of a salon procedure, while others don’t even with regular care? It's all about porosity. Baldness in the temples and back of the head in men In most cases, baldness in men begins in the temple area - the hair becomes short, vellus and sparse. If you contact a trichologist at this stage, you can stop the progression of alopecia and restore aesthetics. Causes of hair loss on the back of the head Modern research methods make it possible to most accurately determine the cause of baldness on the back of the head in men, assess the current condition of the hair and scalp, and select home care.
Diagnosis of seborrhea
Dermatologists or trichologists (scalp treatment specialists) distinguish 3 types of seborrheic dermatitis.
- Dry seborrhea, characterized by decreased sebum secretion. In this case, dandruff flakes are small and easily separated from the scalp; usually the foci are localized in the parietal and frontal parts of the head.
- Oily seborrhea, on the contrary, occurs with increased sebum secretion. The scales in this case are larger in size and are difficult to separate from the skin. Hair looks greasy. Oily seborrhea can lead to blackheads (comedones), atheromas (plugs of sebaceous glands), which, when inflamed, can cause severe pain.
- Mixed seborrhea is characterized by spreading to the skin of the face. Typically, in this case, the area of the forehead, nose and chin is oily, and the skin on the cheeks is dry. In the frontal and parietal regions, sebum secretion processes occur very actively, while in the rest of the head they are reduced. As a rule, in this case, the hair in the frontal-parietal and temporal regions quickly becomes greasy, and in other areas it looks dry.
“Irrational scalp care also leads to seborrheic dermatitis.”
Treatment
The problem should not be ignored - seborrheic dermatitis can result in such serious complications as boils, abscesses and baldness. Special antiseborrheic products are sold in pharmacies, not in supermarkets or perfume stores! Therapeutic shampoos are those that have proven antifungal activity, acting specifically on the cause of the problem, and not just washing away dandruff particles from the skin. Fungicidal (antifungal) include, for example, ketocanazole, an active ingredient. If you follow the regimen, it will take only 2 weeks to get rid of dandruff.
Peeling eyebrow skin
Skin renewal is a natural process. The entire cycle takes on average 1-1.5 months. In a healthy body it goes unnoticed. The particles of dying skin are so small that they are not visible to the human eye. However, if pathologies occur or the negative impact of aggressive external factors occurs, the process of dying of the upper layer of skin may intensify. Then the peeling becomes very noticeable. The question naturally arises: “How to cope with the problem that has arisen?” Before choosing the key to solving it, it is necessary to establish the cause and exclude the possibility of a skin disease.
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