What is acne
The content of the article
Acne occurs due to clogged sebaceous glands and excessive sebum production. This fat makes human skin more elastic, protects against drying out of the skin, promotes the process of skin thermoregulation and protects against the penetration of many viruses and infections into the body.
In the case of an increase in androgens (male sex hormones), the secretion of sebaceous secretions increases. The disease most often occurs in young men under twenty years of age. However, it can also appear at a later age due to metabolic disorders.
What problems do adults have?
Tarda acne is the name given to late acne, which most often occurs in women after 30 years of age and is localized on the lower part of the face, less often on the chest and back. Usually their appearance is associated with hormonal disorders - in this case, you need to contact a gynecologist-endocrinologist, have a smear for oncocytology and a pelvic ultrasound. But while you are figuring it out, you can also contact a dermatologist to begin external therapy to eliminate rashes and prevent post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and scars.- Rosacea is the second most common problem.
It is also more common in women, but it is also not uncommon for men, especially those in leadership positions. In this case, the rashes are located in the center of the face and on the cheeks, on the nose and on the central part of the forehead. Presented in the form of small pink nodules or even pustules against the background of general redness of the face, there may also be spider veins. In this case, it is necessary to exclude trigger factors - these are hot drinks, alcohol (especially cognac and red wine), spicy foods with spices, insolation, baths, saunas, intense training. Those. anything that increases blood flow to the face. It is necessary to use sunscreen, especially in the summer (and if you are a fan of ski resorts). It is also worth contacting a cosmetologist-dermatologist to prescribe external medicinal therapy and select medicinal cosmetics that will support the achieved result. Very good results are achieved by such hardware methods as microcurrent therapy in combination with lymphatic drainage and IPL therapy with broadband light, for example, on the M22 device. In long-term and severe cases of acne and rosacea, it is recommended to take systemic retinoids, but only as prescribed by a dermatologist who has experience in selecting and calculating the dosage of this drug. - Perioral dermatitis - this type of dermatosis is also called “stewardess disease,” but it occurs in men and even children. The rashes are located isolated, around the natural openings of the mouth and nose, less often around the eyes. This is often associated with long-term use of hormonal creams and ointments, incorrect selection of cosmetics, incl. in men after shaving, as well as using fluoridated toothpastes. Therefore, it is recommended to change the paste, exclude all external agents and consult a dermatologist, because This pathology will not just go away on its own.
- Folliculitis - can be associated with the wrong selection of comedogenic cosmetics for skin that is already prone to oily, or can be caused by bacteria such as Malassezia, Staphylococcus or Demodex. Therefore, you can try changing your makeup to lighter ones, and if the rashes do not go away, then consult a doctor.
- Discoid lupus erythematosus is a “relatively” rare disease that may first appear after sun exposure in the form of persistent redness and rashes. It is very similar to rosacea, so if signs of it appear, you should definitely consult a dermatologist. To clarify the diagnosis, a skin biopsy will be required.
I have presented the most common cases, but there are other rare dermatoses. But that’s why they are rare because they are not found in everyone. Remember that after 30 years, serious diseases can be disguised as ordinary acne, so do not neglect a visit to the doctor.
Causes of acne in men
The main reason is hormonal changes in the body, nothing can be done about it - nature. But nutrition and personal hygiene are also important factors. Poor diet contributes to the production of toxins in the body, which leads to discharge on the skin, rashes can be located in small areas throughout the body.
If hygiene is insufficient, ulcers will appear in ninety percent of cases, they will spread over a large area, it is important to stop this spread in time.
Treatment of acne on the head
The course of therapy depends on the causes of the problem, however, as a rule, it includes:
- antimicrobials;
- enterosorbents;
- retinoids;
- means that dry out rashes.
In addition, clinical procedures such as mesotherapy, laser treatment, biocomplex, and plasma therapy are effective in this case.
When the rash spreads severely, it is sometimes necessary to take antibacterial drugs, as well as drugs to correct hormonal levels. To prevent the recurrence of acne on the scalp, the patient is advised to choose the right hygiene products, normalize nutrition, monitor the hormonal status of the body, take precautions when interacting with chemicals, take vitamins and microelements, and give up bad habits.
How to deal with acne
First of all, you need to visit a dermatologist, but if this is not possible, you can use the tips below.
In the case of nutrition, everything is simple, a properly selected diet is enough, it’s not difficult to create it yourself. You need to give up high consumption of flour, soda and other junk foods.
Hygiene is more difficult. Those areas where acne has appeared must be washed with running water at least 3 times a day, and you will also have to use various ointments and lotions to wipe the affected areas. You should not use regular soap (replace with foam), and do not try to dry the skin with alcohol-containing products or acids (salicylic). Dry, cracked skin makes it easier for bacteria to penetrate.
If acne does not go away by following these rules, then you need to go to the clinic to see a dermatologist and, through laser treatment, say goodbye to this disease once and for all. The laser is effective because it destroys the porphyrin in propionbacteria, therefore killing them.
Problem skin (part 1)
The questions are answered by Tatyana Georgievna Zherlova, PhD, dermatovenerologist, cosmetologist at the aesthetic medicine clinic TG Clinic.
- What tests should be taken to find out the cause of acne?
Tests are prescribed by the doctor after an in-person clinical examination and a thorough history taking; they include: general and biochemical blood tests, hormonal profile (thyroid hormones, sex hormones, etc.), blood test for CSR (Wassermann reaction for syphilis), blood test for parasites, skin culture for pathogenic microflora, etc. At the consultation, the scope of necessary research for each patient is determined.
- Is it possible to determine what the problem is based on the condition of acne and its location on the skin? For example, if there is a problem with gynecological hormones, then where and what kind of acne usually appears?
Often, rashes on the face may indicate one or another problem with the internal organs.
Forehead area
The forehead is the area of the T-zone that is most susceptible to acne. This is due to the fact that a large number of sebaceous ducts are concentrated in this area, which tend to become clogged quickly. Under the influence of hormones, the sebaceous glands begin to work in an enhanced mode, there is a lot of sebum, and it clogs the sebaceous ducts. This is how acne appears.
Therefore, if you are worried about acne on your forehead, it would be a good idea to get tested for testosterone, a hormone that affects the activity of the sebaceous glands. It is also believed that the forehead is a projection of the intestinal sphere. Its upper zone is responsible for the functioning of the large intestine, and the lower part of the forehead is responsible for the functioning of the small intestine. If the rash is localized in the area of hair growth, this is a sign indicating that the gallbladder is not functioning properly.
A rash affecting the center of the forehead is a symptom of problems with the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Sometimes pimples can appear directly above the eyebrow area. The reasons for this process lie in the functioning of the heart and bladder.
Often large amounts of rashes on the forehead are the result of a “bad” diet. This is the abuse of fatty and floury foods or sweets. There is an overload of the gastrointestinal tract with difficult to digest food.
It is also worth noting that the forehead area is especially vulnerable to the use of internal medications and hormonal agents. Therefore, acne may appear after taking certain medications.
Rash on cheeks
They have a close relationship with diseases such as intestinal dysbiosis or pneumonia. If the rash is localized in the middle of the cheeks, it is worth checking the lungs. This may indicate an inflammatory process in the respiratory tract. Often acne in this area appears after hypothermia.
Acne on the cheeks can be the result of using low-quality or comedic cosmetics. Some components of cosmetics can clog pores and cause breakouts. Demodicosis (presence of subcutaneous demodex mites) is a skin disease that is also often the cause of rashes on the cheeks.
Rashes on the nose
The nose is one of the most problematic areas on the face. It is not a common site for acne, but open comedones on the nose or “blackheads” are a problem that everyone faces.
The nose is an area of the face where a large number of sebaceous ducts are concentrated. Under the influence of hormones and improper care, they quickly become clogged, preventing metabolic processes in skin cells, which provokes the appearance of rashes. Therefore, the main cause of acne on the nose is the activity of hormones and neglect of daily facial skin care.
Also, according to the rash map, the causes of acne on the nose are associated with the following pathological conditions in the body:
- abnormalities in the functioning of the pancreas;
- stomach diseases;
- cardiovascular diseases;
- inflammation of the bronchi.
Rash on the chin
Associated with oral diseases or hormonal activity. If a person has problems with his gums, then after 1-2 days a small rash may appear in the chin area.
The chin is called the “mirror of the pelvis.” This significance is explained by the fact that this area of the face quickly reacts to problems in the reproductive system. Rashes in the chin area occur when the functioning of the ovaries or appendages in women is impaired, and may indicate the development of prostatitis in men. Therefore, if the rashes are regular, it is worth making an appointment with a gynecologist or urologist, respectively. You should also be checked by an endocrinologist.
In some cases, acne in the chin area appears due to the abuse of strong black coffee or alcohol. Psychological stress is another cause of such rashes.
In women, a rash or conglobate (large) rash in the chin area appears as a result of:
- polycystic ovary syndrome;
- menstrual irregularities.
Rash in the temporal area
They do not occur very often, which is why their appearance alarms many. In some cases, such rashes may indicate serious gallbladder disease. And if they appear regularly, you should consult an endocrinologist.
In addition, acne in the temple area may be symptoms of the following pathologies:
- colon dysfunction;
- avitaminosis;
- disturbances in lymph circulation.
In some cases, acne on the temples appears due to a hormonal surge during adolescence, after childbirth in women, or while taking hormonal medications.
Acne on the bridge of the nose and between the eyebrows
Indicates that the liver is not functioning properly in the human body. The causes of such disorders may be the consumption of junk food or alcohol in large quantities. The liver acts as a blood filter and producer of blood cells - red blood cells. When it cannot cope with the function of purifying the blood, harmful and excess impurities are removed through the surface of the skin. This causes rashes on the bridge of the nose.
Also, the cause of rashes between the eyebrows is nervous tension and frequent manifestations of negative emotions.
Rashes in the eye area
Any skin defects in the eye area (pimples, swelling, beauty, swelling) indicate diseases of the kidneys or adrenal glands. Another common cause is dehydration.
In some individual cases, a rash around the eyes may be a sign of an allergic reaction. Most often, cosmetics act as allergens.
Rash around lips
Associated with disorders of the digestive tract. They may be accompanied by constipation, colic and bloating. Frequent stress, depression and hormonal imbalance are also culprits in the appearance of pimples in the lip area.
A rash with white contents may appear after removal of the “antennae” above the upper lip. This is how an allergic reaction to depilatory products manifests itself.
Thus, based on the location of acne, you can predict the cause of its appearance. But to make an accurate diagnosis, you need to undergo all the necessary types of examination and consult a doctor. It is unacceptable to make a diagnosis on your own based only on the nature of the rash and its location.
The specific localization of the acne area on the face may be associated not only with external irritants. Often the cause of the appearance of a rash in certain areas of the face is diseases of the internal organs of a person.
What to do if acne appears
Acne is not as simple as it might seem; you can get it at any age. Of course, there is nothing terrible about it, but you shouldn’t leave everything to the will of fate - it could cost you your natural beauty!
It is necessary to take hormone tests every six months, then there will be no problems with this.
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Cosmetics against forehead rashes
Of course, it is important not only to follow all the stages of proper skin care, but also to choose the right products that help get rid of acne on the forehead, cheeks and other problem areas of the face. Below we will look at the most successful options for such products using Garnier products as an example.
