What are the common types of benign formations (tumors):
- lipomas;
- fibroids;
- angiolipomas;
- benign fibrous histiocytomas;
- neurofibromas;
- schwannomas;
- hemangiomas;
- tendon cell tumors;
- myxomas.
Benign soft tissue lesions rarely metastasize but are often large and deep. However, some formations behave very aggressively. Diagnosed invasion of nearby tissue increases the chance of incomplete removal and the possibility that the tumor will return. In adults, the most common benign soft tissue tumor is lipoma. In children - Baker's cyst. Most often, lipoma and hemangioma are observed in both adults and children.
FIBROHISTIOCYTIC TUMORS AND TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS
Xanthoma
A rare disease, most often localized in the skin. Occurs in people with impaired lipid metabolism, usually multiple. Also localized in tendons. Presented by small nodules, partly of the xanthelasma type.
Juvenile xanthogranuloma
A small nodule in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Disappears spontaneously.
Fibrous histiocytoma
It is more common in middle age and is localized mainly on the lower extremities. Usually has the shape of a dense knot up to 10 cm, grows slowly. After surgical removal, recurrences are rare.
Causes of eczema on the buttocks
The prevalence and appearance of the rash on the butt, like other symptoms, largely depends on the causes of the disease.
The main reasons include:
| Contact with an irritating substance |
|
| Allergic reaction |
|
| Infection |
|
In children, the most common cause is diaper dermatitis, which is contact dermatitis by nature, but several other factors play a role in its development. These are the moist warm environment under the diaper, mechanical irritation, exposure to urine, fungal infection.
BENIGN TUMORS OF ADIPOSE TISSUE
Lipoma
One of the most common benign tumors (30-40%). It can occur anywhere there is fatty tissue. When localized in the dermis, it is usually encapsulated, in other parts of the body it is poorly demarcated. Tumors localized in the retroperitoneal space can become malignant; other localizations practically do not become malignant. Lipomas are often multiple and sometimes develop symmetrically. Their growth is not related to the general condition of the body. The tumor has the shape of a lobular node. With long-term existence in the lipoma, dystrophic changes, calcification, and ossification can develop.
There are numerous variants of mature fatty tumors, which differ from the classic lipoma both in clinical manifestations and in some morphological features.
Myelolipoma
A rare tumor, most often found in the retroperitoneum, pelvic tissue, and adrenal glands. Does not become malignant.
Subcutaneous angiolipoma
Numerous painful nodes. It occurs more often in young men on the front wall of the abdomen, on the forearm.
Spindle cell lipoma
It is observed more often in adult men (90%). The node is round in shape, dense, slowly growing, most often localized in the area of the shoulder joint and back. Recurrence and metastasis after excision have not been described, despite the fact that the tumor can infiltrate surrounding tissues.
In chondro- and osteolipomas, metaplastic areas of bone and cartilage tissue are detected.
Benign lipoblastomatosis
It is divided into nodular (kind lipoblastoma) and diffuse (kind lipoblastomatosis) forms. Boys under 7 years of age (88%) get sick more often. The tumor is localized on the lower limb, in the buttocks and on the upper limb - the shoulder girdle and hand. Lesions of the neck, mediastinum, and trunk have also been described. The tumor node is encapsulated, lobulated, spherical in shape, and can reach 14 cm. After surgical treatment, relapses are possible, sometimes repeated. Metastases have not been described.
Gebernoma (fetal lipoma)
Lipoma from lipoblasts, pseudolipoma is an extremely rare tumor, localized in places where there is brown fat (neck, axillary region, sinus, mediastinum). Presented as a lobular node, usually small in size. Does not recur and does not metastasize.
BENIGN TUMORS OF MUSCLE TISSUE
Tumors of muscle tissue are divided into smooth muscle tumors - leiomyomas, and striated muscle tumors - rhabdomyomas. Tumors are quite rare.
Leiomyoma
Mature benign tumor. Occurs at any age in both sexes. It is often multiple. The tumor can become malignant. Treatment is surgical.
Leiomyoma, developing from the muscular wall of small vessels - small, often multiple, poorly demarcated and slowly growing nodes, often with ulcerated skin, is clinically very similar to Kaposi's sarcoma.
Genital leiomyoma is formed from the muscular lining of the scrotum, labia majora, perineum, and nipples of the mammary gland. May be multiple. Cellular polymorphism is often observed in the tumor. Hormone dependent. Treatment is surgical.
Angioleiomyoma from the trailing arteries
Clinically, a sharply painful tumor that can change size under external influences or emotions. The sizes are usually small, more often found in older people, on the limbs, near the joints. It is characterized by slow growth and a benign course.
Rhabdomyoma
A rare mature benign tumor based on striated muscle tissue. Affects the heart and soft tissues. It is a moderately dense node with clear boundaries, encapsulated. Metastases of rhabdomyoma have not been described. Relapses are extremely rare. Microscopically, 3 subtypes are distinguished - myxoid, fetal cell and adult. Rhabdomyoma of the female genitalia is also distinguished. The adult type mainly recurs.
BENIGN TUMORS OF BLOOD AND LYMPHATIC VESSELS
These lesions include various processes, a significant number of them are considered in dermatology. Some of them relate to malformations of the vascular system of a tumor-like nature, some to true tumors.
Capillary angioma
True neoplasm with proliferation of endothelial cells.
Benign hemangioendothelioma
Congenital pathology, occurs in newborns and infants, more often in girls, with localization in the head area.
Capillary hemangioma
After lipoma, the most common tumor of soft tissues, often multiple, reaches its maximum size by 6 months of age; with multiple lesions, localization in internal organs is possible
Cavernous hemangioma
A formation consisting of bizarre sinusoid-type cavities of various sizes. Localized in the skin, muscles, internal organs. Has a benign course.
Senile hemangioma
A true tumor is characterized by proliferation of capillaries followed by their cavernization with secondary changes.
Hemangioma
A mature benign tumor of vascular origin, common. It most often affects middle-aged people and is localized on the mucous membrane of the nose, lips, skin of the face, extremities, and in the mammary gland. It is a clearly demarcated grayish-pink node 2-3 cm in size. The tumor can often become malignant and develop into angiosarcoma.
Arterial angioma
A conglomerate of malformed vessels, no signs of a tumor.
Glomangioma (glomus tumor, Barre-Masson tumor)
It occurs as an isolated tumor or as multiple disseminated familial glomusangioma. The tumor is benign and occurs in older people, in the hands and feet, most often in the nail bed area. May affect the skin of the lower leg, thigh, face, and torso. In isolated observations, it was observed in the kidneys, vagina, and bones. When localized in the skin, the tumor is sharply painful. Does not recur and does not metastasize.
Hemangiopericytoma
It is rare and can occur at any age. Localized in the skin, less often in the thickness of soft tissues. It looks like a delimited dense red node. The tumor can become malignant - giving relapses and metastases, it is considered a potentially malignant process. Malignancy in up to 20% of cases has been described in adults. The process in children is benign.
Lymphangioma
It is observed more often in children as a malformation of the lymphatic vessels, but can occur at any age. Most often localized on the neck, oral mucosa.
Prevention of eczema on the buttocks
- The main rule is personal hygiene. Wash regularly, in warm water, use a mild detergent instead of soap. After washing, apply moisturizing lotion to your skin.
- For infants, it is necessary to change diapers on time, wash the area under the diaper, and use a rich cream.
- It is especially important to wash off sweat and dry skin folds after exercise.
- Underwear should be worn from natural fabrics, changed daily, and washed using a hypoallergenic product.
- Weight loss reduces the likelihood of prickly heat, diaper rash, and candidiasis.
- Using condoms will protect you from herpes infection.
- At the first sign of eczema, if you notice a rash and itching on your butt, consult a doctor immediately. Timely treatment will quickly relieve skin problems.
BENIGN TUMORS AND TUMOR-LIKE DISEASES OF SYNOVIAL TISSUE (JOINTS)
Benign synovioma without giant cells
The existence of benign synoviomas is debated. Most authors are inclined to believe that all synoviomas are malignant, regardless of the degree of maturity. The tumor mainly affects the knee joint, in the form of small dense nodes. Treatment is surgical, but patients should be observed for 5-9 years. The disease can cause relapses and metastases.
Benign giant cell synovioma (nodular tenosynovitis)
Pseudotumor process occurs quite often. In 15% the process occurs in the area of the synovial membrane of the joints, in 80% in the tendon sheaths, in 5% in the mucous bursae. It is a nodular formation, most often localized on the fingers, less often on the feet, and even more rarely in the area of large joints. Favorite localization is the interphalangeal joints. It is more common in women 30-60 years old. If it persists for a long time, it can cause atrophy of surrounding tissues, including bones. The process often recurs, most of the relapses are associated with incomplete removal. Does not give metastases.
Pigmented villonodular synovitis
It is located inside the shell of the joints, most often in the area of the knee, elbow and shoulder joints. Occurs in middle age. The etiology is not clear.
What could be bumps in the anus?
Most often, a lump near the anus is a hemorrhoid, swollen and inflamed veins of the rectum and perianal area. Provoking factors for the appearance of hemorrhoids are:
- constant constipation;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- hereditary predisposition to hemorrhoidal pathology;
- excessive use of laxatives;
- lifting weights;
- prolonged static sitting or standing;
- overweight;
- smoking and alcoholism;
- pregnancy.
BENIGN TUMORS OF PERIPHERAL NERVES
Traumatic or amputation neuroma
Arises as a result of post-traumatic hyperregeneration of the nerve. It is a small painful node.
Neurofibroma
A single, slowly growing benign tumor of the mesenchymal sheath of the nerve trunk of any location, but most often develops on the sciatic nerve and intercostal nerves. Occurs in people of any age. Clinically defined as a small, densely elastic consistency with a smooth surface of the tumor node, upon palpation of which the pain radiates along the nerve. Some tumors can reach large sizes. Tumor growth can occur both to the periphery of the nerve and in the thickness of the nerve trunk, which is revealed during its morphological examination.
Treatment is surgical. The prognosis is good. A special disease is multiple neurofibromatosis (Recklinghausen's disease), which belongs to the group of dysplastic processes. Cases of malignancy of one of the multiple neurofibromas in this disease have been described.
Diagnosis and treatment of pain in the butt
The treatment process for pain in the buttocks depends entirely on the nature of the pathology. The patient needs to see a proctologist and attend an initial consultation. The doctor will examine the affected organ and perform palpation. If purulent discharge, bleeding and infectious processes are detected, then we suggest performing an operation to remove anal fissures.
For pain in the butt resulting from an injury, the patient is prescribed painkillers and warming ointments that can relieve swelling. Non-steroidal medications relieve pain and promote rapid healing of soft tissues.
For boils, patients are prescribed Vishnevsky ointment and ichthyol ointment. In untreated cases, medical workers use massages, warm compresses, and physical therapy.
After consulting a doctor, the patient begins to engage in physical therapy. Improves muscle tone and strengthens. Doctors at the private clinic “KDS Clinic” have developed a special gymnastic system that will relax injured muscles and reduce pain.
