How long does quarantine for chickenpox last: in kindergarten, at school and what quarantine rules exist?

Chickenpox quarantine is introduced in an educational institution if one or more infected persons have been identified there. Most often, this is done to prevent mass infection of those who have not had the virus.

If you do not take appropriate measures for chickenpox in kindergarten, school, etc., then there is a high risk of developing the virus and infecting more people (including a severe form of the disease).

Many people are interested in the question of how many days the chickenpox quarantine lasts and how serious quarantine measures should be if an infection occurs in places of education and recreation.

If the group is in quarantine, the child can stay at home even if the baby is not sick

How long does the chickenpox quarantine last?

Herpes of the Varicella Zoster type, which belongs to a group of viruses transmitted by airborne droplets to a person with an immune system that is not resistant to infection. The infection is rarely transmitted through personal belongings (possible only by changing clothes at lightning speed).

The disease has several stages of development: incubation, prodromal, active, recovery stage. Since the incubation period in adults and children lasts a different amount of time, it is difficult to determine where the infection occurred (or whether it occurred at all).

Quarantine period for chickenpox:

• in kindergarten - 21 days (the decision is made by the clinic)
• at school (in the classroom) - 21 days (calculated by the school nurse together with the pediatrician supervising the school)
• after the first rash (at home) - from 14 to 21 days (counted from the 1st day the rash appears)
• in the hospital - 21 days (from the moment quarantine was announced)
• in adults - 21 - 23 days

If you want to understand why quarantine usually lasts exactly 21 days, we advise you to read our article about the incubation period of chickenpox.

In children, symptoms usually appear within three weeks of contracting the virus. This is the maximum period during which the disease will manifest itself if infection has occurred. Therefore, the quarantine period usually coincides with the duration of incubation of the virus and is three weeks (21 days).

If a child is quarantined at home, the quarantine is somewhat shortened. Usually it is 14 days, but it all depends on the severity of the disease and the number of rashes.

Chickenpox vaccination during quarantine

In medical practice, there is emergency vaccination for chickenpox. If a child or adult comes into contact with a sick person, it is recommended to get vaccinated within 72 hours (at least 96 hours). Vaccination does not guarantee that a person will not get chickenpox; there are always risks. However, chickenpox in vaccinated people is easier and always without complications.

SanPin standards do not require mandatory vaccination.

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Chickenpox quarantine in kindergarten

If the chickenpox virus breaks out in a kindergarten, sanitary measures must be taken. Of course, these measures will not completely protect against infection, so children will not be accepted into a holiday camp or sanatorium until quarantine measures are completed and the absence of infection in the child is confirmed.

Quarantine measures for chickenpox

1. A sick child/children is examined by a pediatrician. All data that he receives after the examination is transferred to the clinic.
2. The introduction of quarantine is possible only when an official order is received from the district clinic (to which the organization is attached). Quarantine measures do not prohibit a child from visiting the institution where the virus was found; restrictions are simply introduced that affect contacts with other children.
3. Potential and known carriers of the virus are not allowed into public areas or are admitted only after everyone else.
4. Sick children should be examined daily by a nurse. She is also obliged to inform parents about new cases of infection.
5. Sick children are urgently sent home for treatment. They must be isolated until an adult comes to pick up the child.
6. Quarantine measures are introduced for 21 days (i.e., three weeks) from the first day the virus was discovered. This period may increase if new cases appear.

Rules for receiving children during quarantine

1. A child can go to kindergarten during quarantine procedures, but only when the parents have given written permission to do so and have taken full responsibility for the consequences.
2. If contact with a carrier of the virus did not occur in a child care facility, but at home (for example, someone close to you got sick), then the potential carrier of the virus can visit the kindergarten within 10 days from the date the disease was detected in an adult. But from the eleventh to the twenty-first day, such a child is not allowed to attend classes in an educational institution.
3. A person infected with the virus is dangerous to healthy people for six days after the last wave of the rash is detected. Chickenpox incubation lasts approximately three weeks, and potential carriers of the virus should limit any contact with other people during this time.

It is best to send your child to kindergarten 20 days after the infection has become active. Previously, this cannot be done in any way, since you endanger other children whose immunity may be weakened.

Even if it seems to you that the baby is recovering faster, the blisters on the skin are rapidly disappearing, and the child looks healthy outwardly, do not rush to return to the usual rhythm of life. The herpes virus remains in the body for life, so the level of concentration of this virus will depend on the treatment.

The causative agent of chickenpox

The main causative agent of chickenpox is the varicella zoster virus, which belongs to the general family of herpes viruses type 3.

Infection with the pathology occurs through the air through close interaction with a sick person.

The pathogen itself is very weak in the external environment, and if it does not penetrate the body, it dies instantly after 10 minutes.

If the virus infects the mucous membranes, the infection develops quickly. The pathogen spreads throughout the bloodstream, causing the appearance of characteristic clinical symptoms.

Chickenpox quarantine at school

In fact, quarantine for chickenpox at school is not much different from quarantine in kindergarten. There are certain rules that must be followed during quarantine.

Quarantine order: how it works

1. Immediately after identifying a sick child at school, a doctor is invited to the appropriate class to confirm or refute the diagnosis. Only on the basis of the data collected by him, the school director can sign an order to impose quarantine.
2. The class teacher or an official representative of the school must inform the class or school that it is closed for quarantine. A notice to this effect must be posted on the doors of the building.
3. Quarantine measures in school institutions are also taken for three weeks from the moment the infection is detected. It is possible to extend quarantine measures if new infected people appear during this time.
4. It is recommended to go to school on the 20th day after activation of the infection and only after the doctor’s permission.

Doctors' opinion

Doctors are of the opinion that it is best to get chickenpox in childhood/adolescence, since the disease is quite mild and leaves no complications. With adults things are completely different.

Stable immunity to the herpes virus is usually developed in childhood, after suffering from the disease.

Stopping the spread of the virus means that the number of adults without immunity is growing every day. For an adult, ordinary chickenpox can cause serious health consequences that can lead to disability or death.

According to statistics, the most common complications are the following pathologies:

• Systemic diseases, including sepsis.
• Encephalitis, meningitis.
• Lymphadenitis.
• Purulent ulcers and much more.

Sick leave for chickenpox

Since the Varicella Zoster virus spreads very quickly, it is recommended to immediately isolate the carrier from healthy society. Usually, there are no issues with sick leave in case of chickenpox infection.

If your child is sick, there is an unspoken rule - children need care and support, so the parent is entitled to a child care sheet. Especially considering the difficulties of isolation.

Sick leave is usually issued for a period of 8 to 14 days, depending on the severity of the illness. After chickenpox, a pediatrician prescribes a child to a child care facility after examining the child and making sure that he is not contagious to others.

If an adult gets chickenpox, sick leave is issued for a period of 10-13 days. It is likely that complications will develop, which means that sick leave may be extended even for a year.

How to act in an epidemic outbreak: sanitary standards

SanPiN for chickenpox recommends following the standards for preventing the spread of the virus:

• ventilate the premises through the air before and after visiting children for half an hour;
• increase the break between classes to 10 minutes;
• carry out wet cleaning of premises every day;
• maintain air humidity at 60-80%;
• Disinfect the room with a quartz lamp 2 times a day;
• perform antiseptic treatment of toys;
• promptly isolate sick children.

Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease and all measures aimed at preventing it work poorly. Most parents deliberately send their children to the quarantine group, since chickenpox infection is most easily tolerated in childhood.

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Answers to the most common questions

When to discharge after chickenpox

Depending on the severity of the patient, they are discharged to kindergarten or school on the 12th or 14th day. In rare cases, if chickenpox is mild, the child may be discharged on the 8th day from the onset of the illness.

How to calculate quarantine for chickenpox

Quarantine is considered from the first day (from the appearance of the first rash). In a group in a kindergarten or in a classroom, quarantine is counted from the first day when the child fell ill. If a child gets sick on the 1st, then the quarantine starts from the 1st, that is, the 21st (inclusive) will be the last day of quarantine.

However, if the child fell ill earlier (for example, on Friday evening), and the parents went to the clinic only on Monday, then the pediatrician may decide to start quarantine in the group from Friday.

When can I go to school after chickenpox?

You can go to school after chickenpox after the patient has been examined by a doctor and given a certificate. Typically, schoolchildren are discharged 12–14 days after the onset of the disease.

How long to stay at home during quarantine in kindergarten

During quarantine, it is permissible not to attend a kindergarten group until it is completely over. If parents decide to take their child to kindergarten, they will be required to write a statement that they take responsibility and have no claims against the kindergarten administration in case of illness.

How to alleviate the course of the disease?

First of all, it is necessary to carefully examine the child every hour during the period of rashes in order to immediately treat the newly appeared elements with brilliant green: this will reduce the itching and speed up the healing process without scars.

It is especially important to examine the ears and perineum - blisters that appear and are not treated with brilliant green in these places can fester and cause complications (phlegmon, otitis, vulvitis, etc.) As a symptomatic treatment, the doctor may prescribe antihistamines and a “chat” with anesthesin - usually during periods of severe itching; at high temperatures - paracetamol or ibuprofen; for sore throat - a local analgesic with an antiseptic. It is important to strictly observe the rules of personal hygiene.