Acne after 50 years in women - what is it, on the face, causes, treatment, what to do, thyroid

• Acne on the face after 50 years: causes
• What causes acne in women after 50?
• Acne types and treatment
• The best tips for preventing acne treatment on the face after 50 years!

Many people, when first confronted with acne, may be very surprised to learn that even older women aged 50 years and older can suffer from acne. Research shows that women are more likely than men to struggle with adult acne. this age group As with acne at other ages, acne in people aged 50 years and older has special factors and causes for its appearance.

Causes of acne

The causes of acne can be different.

They depend on a person’s age, lifestyle, hereditary predisposition, and skin type.

• The health of internal organs and the presence of chronic diseases play an important role here.
• Moral shocks, stress and unfavorable living conditions also lead to skin problems.
• Acne often appears after intoxication. Therefore, smoking, alcohol, drugs and even treatment with antibacterial drugs can cause them to appear.
• Diseases of the stomach, liver, dysbacteriosis, lack of vitamins, allergies to medications and household chemicals - all these factors can cause acne in both young people and the elderly.

In teenagers

The first rash in 80% of adolescents appears during puberty from 12 to 20 years.

A real restructuring occurs in the body, which leads to a surge of hormones.

• These changes cause the sebaceous glands, which are located in the skin, to work at an accelerated pace.
• A large amount of secretion is released - sebum.
• Once hardened, it cannot exit through the pores, clogging them.

Photo: purulent rashes on the face of a teenager

In this case, non-inflamed comedones appear. Clogged follicles do not receive oxygen, which creates excellent conditions for bacteria to multiply. As a result, inflammation begins, and the contents of the pimples become purulent.

Rashes on the face can be a result of:

• hormonal changes;
• stress;
• prolonged stay in humid and hot conditions or, conversely, cold;
• stomach or intestinal diseases;
• drying of the skin under the influence of sunlight;
• weakening of local immunity and active proliferation of microorganisms.

Few people pay attention to sore throat. And bacterial inflammation in the tonsils leads to inhibition of the entire lymphoid system. The removal of toxins from the body slows down significantly. Bacterial infections must be treated. In chronic cases, the tonsils have to be removed.

In men

Photo: back affected by acne

In men, acne appears if:

• the level of testosterone, a male hormone that stimulates the sebaceous glands, increases;
• the diet is dominated by foods that are too fatty, sweet or contain a large amount of gluten, saturated with trans fats;
• there are problems with the prostate gland and adrenal glands.

READ ALSO: Pimples in the groin and pubic area: what they look like and why they occur

Among women

Women suffer from acne more often due to hormonal imbalances and endocrine disorders in the body, when the amount of progesterone decreases:

• during pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• after artificial termination of pregnancy;
• when menstruation starts or starts;
• in the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome, erosion.

Women who have more severe PMS symptoms are more susceptible to rashes.

Usually, after your period ends, acne goes away on its own.

• Acne is detected after severe mental shock, during depression, if there are problems with the gastrointestinal tract.
• Pores become clogged with certain substances contained in cosmetics. These include lanolin, petrolatum and mineral oils.

Clinical manifestations

The general picture of acne is characterized by polymorphism ( Fig. 2 ). The evolution of acne elements is as follows:

Clinical forms of acne:

• Prepubertal acne (prepubertal acne)
• Juvenile acne
• Late acne
• Indurative acne
• Acne conglobata

Prepubertal (pre-adolescent) acne - occurs at the age of 7-12 years and is caused by the onset of puberty. There is an increase in skin oiliness and a large number of comedones, mainly on the forehead and in the central part of the face (T-zone).

Juvenile (ordinary, vulgar) acne is the most common type of acne. They are open and closed comedones, papules and pustules located on the forehead, nose, cheeks, temples, often on the chest and back. In girls, 5–7 days before the onset of menstruation, the rashes become more numerous.

Late-onset acne (adult acne) occurs more often in women. There are relatively few rashes - unlike youthful ones, they are located in the lower part of the face (on the cheeks, chin, around the mouth) and on the neck. Almost half of patients have a rash on their body. Papules exist for a long time (1–3 weeks), are painful, there are usually few or no comedones, exacerbations are associated with stress. Late acne also includes postmenopausal with the predominant formation of comedones and the absence of pronounced inflammation.

Indurative acne is characterized by an active inflammatory reaction and a predominance of deep-lying, dense, painful nodes that merge with each other. Subsequently, they heal through scars ( Fig. 3 ).

Acne conglobata - it affects mainly men with very oily skin. With age, there is a tendency to recovery, but outbreaks of the disease occur from time to time. The main morphological element is a large red painful hemispherical node. At first it is dense, but later softens. The nodes can merge and turn into abscesses, after opening which remain long-term non-healing ulcers and fistulas that heal with rough scars. Sometimes, when nodes merge, draining sinuses are formed. The disease is almost never limited to the skin of the face - on the contrary, the largest nodes are usually located on the chest and back.

To assess the severity of acne in clinical practice, it is convenient to use the recommendations of G. Plewig and M. Kligman ( Table 1 ).

Table 1. Determination of acne severity according to G. Plewig and M. Kligman (2004)

A separate form of acne is drug acne, which occurs while taking certain medications - these are glucocorticosteroids, anabolic steroids, androgens, thyroxine, antiepileptic drugs, barbiturates, anti-tuberculosis drugs, azathioprine, cyclosporine A, lithium salts, iodine, chlorine, bromine preparations, cetuximab, some vitamins (for example, group B).

Rice . 2. Polymorphism of acne elements on the patient’s cheek (Danish national service on dermato-venereology)

https://www.danderm-pdv.is.kkh.dk/atlas/4-102-4.html

Rice. 3. Scars on the face that appear after healing of large inflammatory elements of acne (Danish national service on dermato-venereology)

https://www.danderm-pdv.is.kkh.dk/atlas/4-133.html

Why do acne appear after 50 years?

Acne in mature people after 30–50 years is localized mainly on the face.

In particular, on the nose, forehead, chin.

They also affect the neck, shoulders, décolleté and back.

Acne after 50 years in women indicates that the skin is aging and can no longer effectively perform its functions.

Regeneration processes slow down and then completely fade away.

• The dermis is not able to remove the formed sebum, which clogs the pore ducts along with keratin.
• The release of androgen hormones into the blood also affects the functioning of the glands. Hormonal imbalance is provoked by age-related changes in the body - menopause.
• The intestines, stomach and thyroid gland are aging. The work of internal organs is no longer so coordinated, and malfunctions often occur.
• The possibility of parasites in the intestines, liver or lungs, or fungal infections of the skin should not be ruled out.

Symptoms

When acne appears, it is important to make sure that it is it.

Photo: perioral dermatitis

Only an experienced doctor will be able to distinguish diseases similar to it.

For example, perioral dermatitis, hyperplasia of the skin glands.

You should sound the alarm if acne spreads throughout the body and their number continues to increase.

In fact, acne is a clump of dead skin cells and sebum, sometimes mixed with pus.

There are two types of acne:

1. open white small formations. Their rod is located at the exit to the duct and easily comes out.
2. closed plugs or blackheads are characterized by contents that are located in the deeper layers of the skin.

Clogged pores are easily broken through during regular mechanical facial cleansing. But when an infection gets inside a pimple, the active reproduction of anaerobic (living in an oxygen-free environment) bacteria leads to inflammation.

Acne has three stages:

• light – less than 10 pimples;
• average – up to 40;
• severe - with many inflamed foci.

Treatment

• A dermatologist diagnoses acne, finds out the causes and treats rashes.
• Often, after studying the patient’s medical history, the doctor requires the help of an infectious disease specialist, gynecologist, endocrinologist or gastroenterologist.

How to quickly reduce a pimple? Find out here.

• Only after carrying out appropriate tests, depending on their results, treatment of the disease is prescribed. The specialist decides on an individual basis how to overcome internal causes and what methods to use for this.

To treat the external manifestations of acne on the face, medications are used that relieve inflammation, reduce the activity of the sebaceous glands and the formation of sebum.

These include:

• “Benzoyl peroxide” (“Baziron”) is an antibacterial drug that destroys bacteria directly in the hair follicle;
• “Tretinoin” (trans-retinoic acid) is an ointment with vitamin A, which reduces the intensity of acne formation and promotes rapid healing;
• "Skinoren" (azelaic acid) is used for inflammatory processes and has a powerful antimicrobial effect;
• "Differin", "Adaklin" (with retinoic acid) has drying properties;
• "Chlorhexidine" is prescribed to cleanse and disinfect the skin.

READ ALSO: How to choose cosmetics as a gift for women and girls

For treatment to be effective, it is important to eat properly.

Photo: healthy products for skin

The following foods should be completely excluded from the diet:

• sweets;
• soda, unnatural juices;
• alcohol;
• flour products;
• smoked meats;
• sausages;
• margarine, spread;
• milk.

Green tea without sugar, mineral water, vegetable salads, fruits, steamed meat and fish are good for the skin.

Be sure to eat foods rich in zinc and vitamin E.

These are nuts, buckwheat, cheese, carrots, black currants, veal liver, asparagus.

Cosmetological methods for combating acne are as follows:

Photo: mechanical facial cleansing

• mechanical and hardware facial cleansing;
• ozone therapy;
• cryotherapy;
• light peeling;
• laser treatment in the absence of inflammation.

Table comparing the cost of acne medications in Moscow pharmacies

Therapeutic correction of skin condition in women after surgical menopause

The increase in the number of surgical interventions for diseases of the female reproductive system (both somatic and oncological origin) causes some concern among clinicians around the world. According to the authors, surgical postmenopause accounts for up to 25% of women in the age group 40–45 years, with the average age of patients being 40.5 years. In the European Union, more than 100 thousand hysterectomies are performed annually, about 75% of surgical interventions are performed on women under 50 years of age. Thus, in Sweden and Great Britain, the frequency of abdominal gynecological operations for hysterectomy is 38 and 25%, respectively, and in the USA, supravaginal hysterectomy in combination with oophorectomy accounts for more than 36% of all surgical interventions. In the Russian Federation, approximately 90% of hysterovarectomies for benign or malignant diseases of the utero-ovarian complex are performed in the reproductive and premenopausal periods. Estrogen deficiency, which developed as a result of suppression of menstrual function during surgical shutdown of ovarian function, causes the development of a wide symptom complex of menopausal disorders, which in the domestic literature is called “post-castration syndrome” or “postovariectomy syndrome.” In contrast to the natural mechanism of menopause, which is characterized by a gradual decrease in the functional activity of the ovaries with the development of estrogen and progesterone deficiency, during surgical menopause the process of steroidogenesis in the ovaries is completely switched off in a relatively short period of time. The development of early and late clinical manifestations of surgical menopause is based on disturbances in the metabolism of sex steroids, and primarily estradiol and FSH. It is known that supravaginal amputation and hysterectomy in combination with oophorectomy promotes changes in neuroendocrine connections in the hypothalamic-pituitary system, which has a negative effect on the biological connection between the ovaries, adrenal cortex and thyroid gland. As a result of these disorders, degenerative processes develop in connective tissue structures, primarily in the dermis and its appendages. Estrogen imbalance leads to a functional deficiency of fibroblasts, which has a direct impact on the state of the collagen-elastin framework of the dermis. As a result of a decrease in the level of mucopolysaccharides in the main and interstitial substances, transepidermal water loss increases, and dystrophic processes in the microcirculatory bed lead to inhibition of the functional activity of the sweat and sebaceous glands, smoothing of the dermoepidermal transition with erasure of the dermal papillae and epidermal outgrowths, the development of fibrous-atrophic changes in the dermis and epidermis. Involutional changes in the skin during classical menopause are described in sufficient detail in the literature. Early wrinkling, decreased skin turgor and elasticity due to dehydration, hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands and decreased sebum synthesis are not a complete list of clinical manifestations that characterize the various phases of the menopause. A special place in the clinical picture of induced menopause is occupied by conditions associated with signs of atrophy of epithelial tissues, in particular columnar epithelium. The development of colpitis and endocervicitis caused by urogenital atrophy of the mucosa is observed on average in 50–60% of women. The persistence of infectious agents tropic to the columnar epithelium, such as chlamydia, myco-ureaplasma, against the background of atrophy of the vaginal epithelium in conditions of estrogen deficiency acquires important clinical significance. According to I. Blank, 10% of the fluid contained in the stratum corneum of the epidermis is in a lipid-bound state. In this case, the main parameter of skin moisture should be considered to be 12%; with an increase in this indicator, maceration of the skin occurs, with a decrease - its dryness and wrinkling. The lower rows of cells of the stratum corneum are held together by interkeratinocyte cement of a lipid nature and form a dense zone that directly performs a barrier function. Its importance lies in the regulation of perspiration, transdermal water loss, and the formation of the main obstacle to the penetration of chemicals and microorganisms. The rate of change in the water-lipid balance in the skin is influenced by the quantitative level of natural moisturizing factor (NMF - natural moisturizing factor), consisting of urea, low molecular weight peptides, amino acids, and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid. An NMF imbalance results in the skin's inability to retain moisture. The degree of evaporation of liquid from the stratum corneum of the epidermis is determined by the parameter transepidermal water loss (TEWL), which directly depends on the level of perspiration of keratinized corneocytes of the epidermis with moisture, as well as on the state of lipid metabolism, which ensures the secretion of sebum by the sebaceous glands, the synthesis of interkeratinocyte cement and the preservation of the water-lipid mantle epidermis. Epidermal lipids are distinguished by a clear structuring. The main component of the lipid matrix is ​​long-chain ceramides containing linoleic acid, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, amino alcohols - sphingosine or phytosphingosine. These molecules are in a certain proportional relationship to each other. A change in proportion leads to an increase in intercellular spaces and more intense evaporation of moisture. The physiological mechanism that regulates excess moisture loss is to slow down the desquamation process, in which epidermal cells begin to accumulate on the surface of the stratum corneum, which leads to excessive desquamation and hyperkeratosis. The lipid complex on the surface of the skin consists of triglycerides and their hydrolysis products, squalene, cholesterol and its esters. The concentration of squalene, a polyunsaturated triterpene, reflects the quantitative composition of sebum on the surface of the skin. Due to the content of this substance in sebum, reliable adhesion of keratinocytes is ensured and thus a high level of barrier properties of the skin (Table 1). An imbalance of the hydro-lipid layer of the epidermis leads to the development of xeroderma - dry skin, characterized by cracks, dullness and lifelessness. Recent studies have convincingly shown that a decrease in the production of superficial skin lipids leads to an increase in transepidermal fluid loss. An equally important component in the pathogenesis of surgical menopause is a change in the lipid profile, which has a significant impact not only on atherogenic blood fractions - cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, but also on the concentration of fatty acids in sebum (sebum). It is known that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the reproductive and perimenopausal periods is the only pathogenetically substantiated method of treating disorders associated with surgical menopause. The use of HRT in practical dermatocosmetology provides a lasting aesthetic effect, which is reflected both in the appearance of patients and in their quality of life, including their psycho-emotional state and sexual function. A comprehensive analysis of the condition of the skin in women who underwent oophorectomy and subsequently used HRT drugs is of certain scientific and practical interest. There are not enough scientific works devoted to this issue in the domestic literature. This circumstance served as the reason for conducting this scientific research. Purpose of the work: to study the condition of the skin in women who underwent hysterovarectomy based on the study of the hormonal status and functional parameters of the dermis in the process of hormone replacement correction of involutional changes in the facial skin. Materials and methods. We observed 55 women aged from 27 to 57 years after surgery for hysterectomy with appendages - 14%, supravaginal amputation of the uterus without appendages - 24%, cystectomy - 32%, unilateral or bilateral removal of appendages - 30%. The average age of the patients at the time of the study was 44.2±1.3 years and did not have significant differences in the observation groups. Indications for surgery in 42.3% of women were benign diseases of the uterus and appendages, such as fibroids and recurrent functional cysts, 37.3% of patients were diagnosed with endometriosis, 15.2% suffered from purulent-inflammatory diseases of the pelvis, 7.3% Pelvic prolapse with uterine prolapse was observed. The period of clinical follow-up after hysterectomy in combination with oophorectomy ranged from 1 year to 7 years. The median age at onset of surgical menopause was 43.2±0.3 years, the median duration of menopause was 2.2±1.1 years. All patients underwent a comprehensive study of the physiological parameters of the skin using the “Multi Skin Test Center MS 90” apparatus: corneometry with determination of the level of transepidermal fluid loss TEWL (tevametry), sebumetry, pH-metry, indicators of elasticity and skin turgor were studied using standard methods. Corneometric research is based on the impedancemetric principle of determining the electrical resistance of the epidermis: the higher the current conductivity through the epidermal layers, the greater the percentage of moisture located in the epidermis. The sebumetry method is based on photometric analysis of sebaceous spots. To do this, the film is illuminated by a beam of light that passes through it, is reflected by a small mirror located at the back, and hits a photocell, which analyzes the degree of transparency of the film. Light scattering on the film correlates with the sebum content on the measured surface. The microprocessor calculates the result, which is displayed on the display in conventional units from 0 to 350. Elastometry and cutometry are methods for assessing elasticity and viscoelasticity using vibro-vacuum influences, which objectively reflect the mechanical properties of the dermis. We used the tevametry method - measuring the evaporation of water from the surface of the skin, based on the principle of diffusion in an open chamber - to assess the TEWL indicator - transepidermal fluid loss. The studies were carried out before and during treatment with HRT drugs. The patients were prescribed the combined (estrogen-progestogen) drug Angeliq® (Bayer Schering Pharma) for hormone replacement therapy, containing 2 mg of drospirenone (DRSP) and 1 mg of estradiol and Novadiol, a cream consisting of phyto-flavone, a patented complex of substances of plant origin, the main the component of which is soy isoflavones. The choice of Angelica® as an HRT drug was due to several reasons: • Low dose of the estrogenic component in the drug (1 mg estradiol). • Progestogen (drospirenone – 2 mg) in terms of pharmacological properties is as close as possible to natural progesterone. DRSP allows many women to maintain a stable weight, which, in turn, improves women's overall well-being and self-esteem. The antiandrogenic effect of drospirenone has an additional positive effect on the skin. In addition, the proven antihypertensive effect of Angelica® allows it to be prescribed to patients with hypertension. At the same time, with a normal blood pressure level, the pressure level does not change [19]. Depending on the volume of operations performed on the ovaries, all patients were combined into 3 statistically significant groups based on the characteristics of the HRT used: Group I (n=23) – women with surgical menopause who used the hormone replacement drug Angeliq; Group II (n=17) – patients who received Novadiol cream externally, in the form of skin applications; Group III (n=15) – patients who refused HRT for one reason or another constituted the control group. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using methods of variation statistics, Student's, Pearson's and c2 criteria were calculated for the analysis of contingency tables. Results. Statistical processing of corneometric study materials showed that 56.5% of women had severe dry skin before treatment. There was a steady progradient decline in the indicator compared to the physiological norm. Sebumetric studies revealed disturbances in sebum secretion in 92.3% of the examined women. The data obtained clearly demonstrate the clinical relationship between estrogen deficiency and the functional activity of the sebaceous glands. Thinning of the skin and associated skin atony were observed in persons who underwent radical surgical interventions on the pelvic organs with a follow-up period of more than 2 years, which amounted to 37.3% in the general population. Hyperpigmentation was observed in 3 women (6.0%), hair thinning – in 7 patients (14.0%), xeroderma was observed in 12 women (24.0%). According to the results of a study of hormonal status, all patients had severe hyperandrogenism. The use of HRT made it possible to normalize hormonal imbalance in the shortest possible time. When conducting corneometric studies in patients of all examined groups, the level of skin hydration before therapeutic intervention varied from 4 to 24 c.u. and averaged 13.4±0.7, which indicated severe dehydration, since the level of normal skin moisture exceeds 45 c.u. In the area of ​​visually healthy skin, corneometry indicators were reduced to an average of 27.1 a.u. During the therapy, we observed a significant change in corneometric parameters. Thus, in the first group of people who received the drug Angeliq, the normalization of the level of skin moisture by the 6th month from the start of treatment corresponded to the physiological parameters of the norm. At the same time, the level of skin moisture in people of group II was significantly lower and differed from normal values. In patients of group III, corneometric parameters remained at an extremely low level throughout the entire observation period. Figure 1 shows the values ​​of corneometric studies. At the same time, it should be noted that the above changes in corneometry parameters, expressed in increased skin hydration, are also due to the characteristics of the ointment base of the drug Novadiol. The additional substances included in its composition (such as propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, white wax and white petroleum jelly) had an occlusive effect, preventing transepidermal evaporation of liquid, and also helped to increase the rate of penetration of the active ingredient into the deep layers of the dermis. The data presented in the graph clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of HRT. Before treatment, all examined patients showed a significant decrease in sebumetry values ​​compared to the norm, which indicates excessively dry skin. After the course of treatment, patients receiving Novadiol cream as external therapy experienced an increase in the measured parameter to a level approaching the lower limit of normal. Patients who used Angeliq® also noted an increase in sebumetry parameters (Table 2), the value of which correlated with the level of estrogen in the blood serum. At the same time, sebumetry in the areas of the studied area of ​​the skin showed that sebum excretion after treatment was within the physiological norm (on average 20 μg/cm2). The above changes in sebumetry indicators are due to the impregnation of the surface layers of the epidermis with the fatty base with the formation of a visually invisible and non-discomforting fatty film. The distribution of patients by skin lipotype also revealed the advantage of systemic hormone replacement therapy. Figure 2 shows the nature of changes in sebumetric parameters after 6 months from the start of therapy, depending on its various types. According to the presented data, the most significant sebumetric indicators were noted in group I of patients who used Angeliq®. Normalization of sebum secretion parameters in this group practically corresponded to the age-related physiological norm. Dry skin in people of group II was significantly lower compared to the control group, however, the normalization of indicators in this group also did not correspond to generally accepted values. In group III individuals, we did not note any significant clinical changes in the condition of the skin lipotype. An important characteristic of the condition of the skin, along with the level of sebum excretion and the degree of moisture saturation, is its acid-base state - pH. As is known, the pH level mainly depends on the composition of sweat. Typically, the reaction of the skin surface due to sweat is slightly acidic. It should be noted that before treatment, an alkaline reaction (59.1%) within the pathologically altered skin was observed almost twice as often as an acidic one (36.4%), and a neutral one was recorded in isolated cases (4.5%). Under the influence of therapy, the acid -base condition of the skin normalized in most patients of the first group (90%), while in the second group in 43.3% of patients of the pH of the norm, the norms were left without change. In addition, the use of hormone -therapy replacement for 6 months in women with pronounced xeroderma allowed to reduce the severity of clinical manifestations - from a significant decrease in desquamative rashes to their absence. We also observed an increase in the volume of hair in the foci of thinning, a decrease in the number of facial and static wrinkles. Conclusions. Normalization of the root -sebumetric parameters in people who used the drug ZGT - Angelica® indicates the wide therapeutic capabilities of the ZGT method, which is the basic basis for its wider use after surgery menopause. In addition, the use of Angelica® provides a protective effect on the bone and cardiovascular system, preventing the development of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis in the future. At the same time, the use of soy isoflavon drugs (especially in ointment dosage form) does not provide the proper clinical effect to improve the condition of the skin. When conducting hormone replacement therapy after gynecological operations, along with the use of estrogenic and gestagenic compounds, the use of adaptogens and antioxidants is also justified. Since women who need hormonal therapy sometimes have contraindications for it, the issue of searching for alternative methods is very relevant. Women with surgical menopause should be observed jointly by a gynecologist and, if necessary, a cosmetologist, they must be carried out in a timely manner of individual chosen hormone replacement therapy in order to prevent the severe consequences of estrogen deficiency.

Literature 1. Averkov O.V., Breusenko V.G., Kryuchenkova M.E. and others // Vestn. Ross. assoc. obstetrics–gyn. 1998. No. 2. pp. 77–83. 2. Andreev S. Collagen: structure and functions. // Cosmetics and medicine. 2001. – 3;4. – 41 – 46; 14 – 22. 3. Dovzhansky S.I. Pathogenesis and clinical picture of chronic dermatoses in elderly and senile patients. // Bulletin of dermatology and venereology. 2002. – 6. – 8 – 11. 4. Kulakov V.I., Adamyan L.V., Askolskaya S.I., Frolova O.G. // Obstetrics. and gin. 1999. No. 1. pp. 31–34. 5. Lazebnik L.B. Practical geriatrics. M. 2002. 6. Savelyeva G.M., Breusenko V.G., Kappusheva L.M. // Vestn. Ross. assoc. obstetrics–gyn. 1998. No. 2. pp. 45–49. 7. Repina M.A. // Obstetrics. and gin. 1998. No. 4. pp. 55–56. 8. Sergeev P.V., Karachentsev A.N., Matyushin A.I. // Cardiology. 1996. No. 3. P. 75–78. 9. Semkin V.I. Morphofunctional changes in epidermal differentials during aging. // Clinical gerontology. 2001. – 9. – 27 – 31. 10. Smetnik V.P., Kirichenko A.A., Nikulina Zh.S. and others // Akush. and gin. 1998. N6. pp.57–60. 11. Fitzpatrick D.E. Geriatric dermatology. In the book. Secrets of dermatology. Translation from English – M.; St. Petersburg: “BINOM Publishing House” - “Nevsky Dialect”, 1999. – 436 – 444. 12. Tsyganok S.S. Features of the pathogenesis and therapy of neurodermatitis in old age. // Clinical gerontology. 2001. – 1. – 29 – 32. 13. Hernandez E., Margolina A., Petrukhina A. Lipid skin barrier and cosmetics. M. 2003. – 340. 14. Braun–Falko O., Pleving G., Wolff HH, Burgdorf WH Topical therapy. // Dermatology Ed 2nd. – Berlin: Springer, 2000. – 1719 – 1749. 15. Bar J., Tepper R., Fuchs J., et al. // Obstet. Gynec. 1993. Vol. 81. P. 261. 16. Farish A E., Fletcher CD, Hart DM, Smilh ML // Brit. J. Obstet. Gynec. 2000. Vol. 97. P. 78–82. 17. Li T.C., Saraveltm H. // Brit. J. Obstet. Gynec. 1994. Vol. 101. P. 934–936. 18. 0ldenhave A., Jaszmann LJB, Ewraerd W., et al. // Aner. J. Obstet. Gynec. 2003. Vol. 168. N 3. Part 1. P. 765–771. 19. Gilchrest BA Age associated changes in the skin: overview and clinical revelance. // J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1982. – 30. – 139 – 142. 20. WB White et al., 2005; RA Preston et al., 2005.

Signs of skin aging

After 50 years, even well-groomed skin shows signs of aging with the naked eye.

Combined with hormonal changes, digestive problems, and genetic predisposition, older people suffer from a variety of skin rashes.

Rosacea

• Rosacea has several stages and begins with minor redness of the face.
• Then red or brown pustules and nodules ranging in size from 2 to 4 mm appear on the chin, cheeks, nose and forehead.

The disease should be treated only under the supervision of a doctor.

Relapses often occur, and relapse can lead to complications in the form of eye damage.

Keratomas

Keratomas are a type of wart of a non-viral nature.

With age, the top layer of skin gradually becomes thicker and prone to increased keratinization. As a result, growths form on its surface, which over the years increase in size and acquire a dark brown color.

People with a tendency to freckles and pigmentation are more likely to suffer from keratomas.

New growths are easily removed using a laser in a medical clinic.

Dry skin

Dry skin and flaking are inevitable after 50 years.

• Cells stop producing hyaluronic acid, which is necessary for retaining and binding water molecules in tissues. It is simply irreplaceable in the synthesis of proteins.
• The production of collagen, elastin and other substances needed by the dermis for uninterrupted recovery is reduced.
• Mature skin especially needs vitamins, not only obtained from food, but also delivered externally. Vitamin C, A, E are especially important.

When choosing care products, it is better to give preference to anti-aging cosmetics that maintain water balance and saturate cells with useful substances.

Wrinkles

Photo: performing lymphatic drainage facial massage

• As the skin gradually becomes thinner, it loses its elasticity, sags, and wrinkles form on it.
• The contours of the face change, the cheeks droop, the chin becomes flabby.
• In addition, bags under the eyes appear and the eyelids swell due to lack of sleep, alcohol or fatigue.

To improve blood circulation, you can take a course of lymphatic drainage massage in a beauty salon.

READ ALSO: Acne at 25: causes, how to treat, prevention

A cream with a lifting effect will help smooth out a fine network of wrinkles and tighten the skin.

Salon treatments

Treatment of skin diseases must be comprehensive. With a competent approach to the use of salon procedures, you can get rid of acne and improve the health of your facial skin.

Before carrying out therapeutic treatment or prevention, you should consult a dermatologist.

An auxiliary method in the fight against acne is facial cleansing. During the procedure, specialists remove sebaceous plugs and mature inflammatory elements. Cleaning should be carried out regularly to obtain the maximum positive effect. Today there are several types of procedures, namely:

• vacuum cleaning;
• ultrasonic cleaning;
• mechanical cleaning;
• chemical (peeling) cleaning.

All these procedures are carried out exclusively in beauty salons and have a certain sequence. Before cleaning is done, the specialist determines the patient’s allergic reactions to certain components of the masks. The darsonvalization procedure, which can relieve inflammation and heal wounds, is also considered widely known. Darsonval helps get rid of scars and acne using an electrical impulse. This effect can improve skin tone, get rid of acne and improve complexion. Cryomassage with liquid nitrogen is also considered a beneficial procedure, thanks to which you can quickly get rid of skin diseases (pimples and acne). The procedure is based on the effect of liquid nitrogen on the affected areas of the skin. Cryomassage and darsonvalization for adult women must be carried out by qualified specialists and dermatologists.

Prevention

To avoid the appearance of acne in adulthood, you should ensure a balanced diet.

By trying to avoid stress, walking more in the fresh air, and drinking enough clean water, you can maintain your health and good appearance for many years to come.

Mature skin needs special care.

Photo: rubbing the skin with ice cubes

In addition to cosmetics, the following have a beneficial effect on the dermis:

• morning rubbing of the face with ice cubes from chamomile infusion;
• masks made from fruits, algae, kefir, based on egg yolk.

You should undergo a full medical examination at least once a year. After all, any disease is easier to prevent than to cure.

Cosmetologist's advice

There are several universal rules that cosmetologists advise to follow if your skin is prone to rashes.

1. If a large number of pimples appear, you should not sit idly by and expect that everything will go away on its own. Even in teenagers, acne is not always the norm, and the reasons may not be hormonal. They often indicate serious problems with the digestive system, and can even be a sign of diabetes.
2. You can try to determine the reasons yourself. A small, watery rash around the mouth or chin indicates an allergy. Inflamed red pimples are a sign of hormone imbalance. Internal acne appears from bad food, overeating, and is also the result of damage to cells by the subcutaneous demodex mite, a fungus.
3. You cannot use nourishing creams. If the acid-base balance of the skin is higher than 5.5, then you should choose products aimed at deep hydration, non-greasy, with an easily absorbed texture.
4. Frequently using a scrub and washing with soap is strictly not recommended for people with oily skin and blackheads. Friction causes the skin to become damaged, inflamed and dry out. And the glands begin to intensively produce even more fat to protect the top layer of skin.

For washing, it is better to use special foams or gels that dissolve in water. You can rinse your face with furatsilin solution.

Photo: peeling with soda

1. If there is no inflammation, then gentle peeling is effective at home. A mixture of soap foam and soda is applied to the face, previously steamed over steam, with massage movements. After rinsing off the product, be sure to lubricate the skin with moisturizer.
2. Inflamed pimples should not be squeezed. This injures the tissue and promotes the spread of infection. Which inevitably leads to scars and age spots. The pimple can be helped to mature. To do this, it is treated with a special cosmetic preparation. You can apply a product based on salicylic acid, cauterize it with iodine, or make a compress from an aloe leaf.
3. For oily skin, masks made from white cosmetic clay, honey, cucumber, and protein are useful.
4. Drug therapy using tablets (Doxycycline, Acnecutane) cannot be carried out independently. It should be prescribed by a doctor, but only if there are indications for it.

What are the causes of acne on the face after 40 years? Find out here.

What to do if red pimples appear on your face? Read on.

Feces that are not removed on time release toxins that poison the entire body.

Therefore, if you have acne, it is very important to establish regular bowel movements through proper nutrition. It is important to ensure that the intestines are emptied completely.

How to get rid of acne in adulthood

How to treat skin diseases? Today, there are many methods that will help you quickly and effectively forget about pimples and acne. Of course, it is initially recommended to cure all existing diseases that may indirectly or directly affect the development of inflammation. The main medicinal drugs that are used in the rehabilitation of people with skin ailments are:

• antiandrogens;
• retinoids;
• tetracyclines.

All of them are capable of influencing bacteria that cause inflammatory reactions on the skin. If necessary, doctors can also prescribe sedative medications that will help calm and reduce the patient's stress.

Dermatologists advise using creams based on salicylic acid, which can normalize oily skin, eliminate inflammation and combat pathogens and bacteria. Creams based on extracts of calendula, sage, Atlas cedar and eucalyptus perfectly dry out pimples, relieve irritation and significantly improve the condition of the skin on the face.