Laser facial skin rejuvenation: useful tips and tricks

From this article you will learn:

• What is laser rejuvenation
• What is the effect of laser rejuvenation
• What types of procedure are there?
• How is laser rejuvenation performed?
• What are the contraindications
• Where is the best place to get laser rejuvenation?
• How much does it cost

All women want to look young. When plastic surgery appeared, many, without even hesitating, went for operations. Currently, fractional laser rejuvenation has appeared, which does not require you to go under the surgeon’s knife. It is safe and effective. Many Hollywood stars have already used laser skin rejuvenation and were satisfied because it perfectly transforms their face. The procedure is carried out using a laser grid and is inexpensive, so you don’t have to earn a lot to afford such a transformation. In this article we will tell you about the mechanism of action and the effects of laser rejuvenation so that you have no worries.

What is laser skin rejuvenation

Aging affects all human internal organs and tissues, and so far this process, unfortunately, cannot be stopped. In addition, facial tissues are affected not only by the environment, but also by facial expressions, as well as articulatory and chewing functions. Due to this, facial tissues are very vulnerable.

If facial wrinkles are visible even in a static position of the face, this is the main sign of skin aging. Soft tissues are also deformed, spider veins, neoplasms and age spots appear, and the configuration of the face and neck changes.

Recommended articles on the topic:

• Facial mesotherapy procedure: pros and cons
• Beauty injections: types of drugs, reviews
• Placental therapy is the secret of eternal youth

With age, the collagen framework of the skin weakens, so the tissues sag and facial features sometimes change beyond recognition. From this point of view, wrinkles are not the worst “age-related” problem. Young people have enough collagen in their skin, so the tissues of the face and body successfully resist ptosis. But over time, collagen fibers are poorly produced, as a result of which the skin sags, “jowls” appear under the cheeks, bags under the eyes, the oval of the face becomes unclear, the corners of the eyes and lips droop down, a double chin is visible, etc. Only a surgeon can help you get rid of drooping chin, cheeks and eyelids. It is better to think about this problem in advance and take advantage of laser skin rejuvenation before it is too late.

One of the most effective ways to combat age is lifting. Today there are quite a lot of methods to do a facelift without the intervention of a surgeon, but most of them are unsafe or not as effective as laser rejuvenation. When a client wants to get a quick result, he goes to the clinic for a skin tightening procedure, but in the end there is a very unfavorable effect that contributes to premature aging. There are non-invasive technologies to get rid of sagging skin. Each method has advantages and disadvantages, but fractional facial rejuvenation is the most suitable option for most clients because it produces the desired results without surgery.

Deep chemical peeling and dermabrasion can be considered not entirely relevant methods of rejuvenation, although they have recently been very popular. Laser technology is modern and safe. There is no risk of infection to the patient, and the specialist can accurately control the depth of laser exposure and its uniformity. These are very important advantages.

Let's figure out how laser radiation acts on human skin. Radiation affects biological tissue. Chromophores absorb light in a specific range of wavelengths. Skin structures are 90% water. For water, the wavelength range is the infrared spectrum, for hemoglobin - green, for hair and skin melanin - red. Chromophores absorb laser radiation, as a result of which light energy is converted into heat in the area that contains the substance.

It is worth mentioning radio frequency lifting, which was previously used for skin rejuvenation. It did not bring the expected result and, moreover, was unsafe. There was a risk of atrophy of subcutaneous fat and many other problems. Laser skin rejuvenation is an ideal option for patients; its energy penetrates the skin.

Read material on the topic: Facial mesotherapy procedure: pros and cons

How much does it cost to remove expression lines around the eyes?

The cost of removing facial wrinkles around the eyes is determined based on the method individually selected by the doctor, the name and dosage of the drug used.

“It takes a little to make you smile, and a smile is enough to make everything possible” (Gilbert Cesbron), so smile boldly, and leave the fight against expression wrinkles to the specialists in laser and injection techniques at the Gradient clinic!

You can sign up for a free consultation with a cosmetologist by calling:

+7 (495) 255−50−11.

Botulinum toxin injections

Contour plastic:

Sculptra injections

AestheFill injections

Art Filler Injections

Belotero injections

Juvederm injections

Neauvia injections

Novacutan FBio injections

Radiesse injections

Restylane injections

Revanesse injections

Stylage injections

Yvoire injections

Spherogel injections

Collost injections

Thread lifting

Skin biorevitalization

What is the effect of laser skin rejuvenation

If you are still afraid of something and do not dare to undergo fractional facial rejuvenation, read the reviews of patients who have already gone through it. You will see admiration and joy from the result obtained. Perhaps this will encourage you to make an appointment with a master. The procedure is almost painless, does not take much time, and does not require long-term rehabilitation or surgical intervention. The following are the effects of laser rejuvenation:

• Getting rid of scars, spider veins, stretch marks and pigmentation on the face;
• Narrowing of pores;
• The skin will become firmer and more elastic. This is possible due to the fact that during the procedure collagen and elastin are synthesized in skin cells under the influence of laser radiation;
• Reduction of wrinkles;
• Removing crow's feet;
• Improved complexion;
• The appearance of a clearer facial contour.

One week after the session, the result will already be obvious. But it needs to be fixed, so several procedures will be required. Consult with a laser rejuvenation specialist about how often you should visit the clinic.

If you don’t like your reflection in the mirror, make the right decision by contacting a laser facial rejuvenation specialist. Find out from him again about this procedure and consult about contraindications. You will not regret using a service that turned back the clock for your skin.

What is laser facial skin rejuvenation?

Depending on how deeply the laser beam penetrates your skin, the mechanism of action changes. The client can choose the most suitable laser facial rejuvenation method for himself.

Ablative laser rejuvenation

Very micro areas of the skin are removed using the laser. Those areas that were damaged during healing are tightened. After the first session you will notice an amazing result.

Non-ablative laser rejuvenation

When microzones are damaged, collagen and elastin are renewed in the skin. The laser beam penetrates deep into the patient's skin, so the outer layers will not be damaged; collagen renewal occurs in the deeper layers. The process lasts longer than with ablative laser rejuvenation.

The best option is a combination of different types of laser rejuvenation, because in this case, cells are renewed both on the surface of the skin and in the deeper layers. But you should still consult with a specialist.

Laser cosmetology

The laser rejuvenation effect is based on very rapid heating of the surface layers of the skin. After a short-term thermal effect, the synthesis of collagen and elastin is activated. Natural processes of skin rejuvenation are launched, as a result of which it becomes more elastic and toned, wrinkles are smoothed out, pores become less pronounced, and the texture is evened out. This process continues for several months after the session.

The effect of laser on the skin can be compared to the peeling effect. In this case, the hardware technique has a significant advantage. Thus, peeling does not provide a selective effect, destroying almost all cells of a certain layer of skin. The laser penetrates to a given depth and does not affect healthy areas of the epidermis. A cosmetologist can control all the main parameters of the equipment.

In medicine, 2 devices are used for laser rejuvenation: the diode non-ablative MeDioStar NeXT, as well as the erbium ablative MCL-30 Dermablate. These new generation devices, manufactured in Germany, provide excellent results without pain or complications.

What other types of laser rejuvenation are there?

There are several types of laser peeling.

1) Superficial

. This method is intended for treating the deformed upper layer of skin, i.e. epidermis.

This peeling allows you to quickly remove age spots and make uneven skin smooth.

Superficial peeling is suitable for the lips, décolleté, neck and around the eyes, meaning it can be trusted on the most sensitive areas.

Such procedures include most types of fractional facial rejuvenation and all types of laser skin resurfacing.

Keep in mind that after superficial peeling, complete skin restoration will occur only after one to two weeks, since such procedures injure the epidermis.

2) Middle

. This type of peeling is suitable for those who want to get rid of dead cells in the basal (lowest) layer of the epidermis.

Medium peeling helps smooth out wrinkles of varying depths, as well as keloid scars and stretch marks. In addition, it relieves the patient of warts, shallow scars that are the result of acne, papillomas, evens out the complexion, eliminating age spots. Medium peeling affects problem areas on the neck, face, décolleté, and hands.

The skin is irradiated with a frequent grid of beams from various types of lasers, including neodymium, erbium and CO2 lasers. This method is called fractional. Each type of laser has its own advantages and disadvantages. They are due to different wavelengths, penetration depths and procedure techniques. There is no laser that is significantly superior to others.

A completely different method of medium peeling is laser dermabrasion. It differs in that, in addition to beams of laser beams, the skin receives a lot of additional energy during the session, which contributes to the formation of microexplosions, as a result of which the tissue evaporates due to the action of the laser. In this case, laser resurfacing is carried out using CO2 and an erbium laser.

3) Deep

. Deep peeling includes laser facial rejuvenation, performed using a device called Palomar, as well as RF rejuvenation. Such methods are considered the most effective. We can say that this is a lift without surgery.

The Palomar device promotes the formation of a very dense laser grid, sending beams of rays onto the skin. It consists of several nozzles, a cooling element and a control microprocessor.

In RF rejuvenation, mentioned above, laser beams penetrate deep into the epidermis. In this case, the deep layers are affected by radio frequency energy. As a result, problem areas of the face and body are heated in a targeted manner.

Both fractional RF facial rejuvenation and laser rejuvenation using the Palomar device make it possible to make collagen bundles more dense and form a supporting framework for the skin. In addition, during the procedure, rejuvenating and regenerative processes are activated in those areas on which the master acts with a laser.

Since both procedures are safe and eliminate the risk of injury to the patient, they can also be done for the skin around the eyes, and not just for the neck and arms.

We hope you are convinced that facial rejuvenation is possible without plastic surgery. Deep laser peeling smooths out deep wrinkles, evens out the complexion and makes the skin look younger.

The advantage of fractional RF facial rejuvenation and laser rejuvenation using the Palomar device is that the effect of the procedures improves within six months after completing the course.

If deep laser peeling is carried out with a CO2 laser, then the specialist must be highly qualified, otherwise you can leave deep scars on the skin. After all, this device is used by plastic surgeons as a scalpel.

Now about pain relief. For superficial and median exposure to the skin, local anesthesia is used. For deep peeling, general anesthesia will be required.

What type of peeling you need depends on the complexity of the cosmetic defect. Therefore, be sure to consult a specialist.

Read material on the topic: How to remove wrinkles on the face: the most effective methods

Is it relevant to combat hyperpigmentation through “laser photorejuvenation”?

If we are talking about non-ablative procedures and laser ablative peeling, then no - there is no way to remove hyperpigmentation by heating the tissues.

Gentle laser peeling, also often called “laser photorejuvenation” by many cosmetologists, simply does not “get” to the melanin located in the lower border of the epidermis and upper dermis.

If we are talking about grinding, then the answer is ambiguous. Despite all the power, effectiveness and versatility of laser resurfacing procedures, they do not make sense if the problem is only the presence of age spots. In this case, it is preferable to turn to classical phototherapy (photorejuvenation with broadband pulsed light - IPL). First of all, this is dictated by the fact that broadband pulsed light is actively absorbed by melanin; with the help of ShZD therapy, it is possible to get rid of pigment spots literally from the first session. True, only if your cosmetologist is competent and experienced, who will be able to conduct a correct preliminary diagnosis of the skin and set the appropriate equipment parameters.

With certain individual characteristics, pigment spots may return again. This is due to a specific predisposition - congenital or acquired. In addition, the activity of melanocytes (cells that produce melanin) can be superficial or deep. In the first case, the removal of hyperpigmentation is guaranteed after just one procedure of classical IPL photorejuvenation, since excess cells simply accumulate on a certain area of ​​the skin. If the activity of melanocytes is “deep” (that is, pathological, caused by internal malfunctions in the body) and the patient acts on them with “deep” laser resurfacing, hardware procedures can even cause harm! Melanocytes removed from the dermis will begin to rapidly be replaced by new ones, which is why the spot may darken and grow. To solve the problem you need a comprehensive solution and an experienced cosmetologist.

It all depends on the professionalism of the cosmetologist!

It is important on your part to honestly communicate your clinical history to the cosmetologist and not to conceal from him the use of certain medications (hormones, photosensitizers, etc.).

It should be understood that laser resurfacing is quite aggressive compared to classic IPL photorejuvenation, so it is best to use it to eliminate age spots for complex problems, when they are complemented by skin pastiness, wrinkles and other defects.

Laser rejuvenation: contraindications and indications

If you are wondering whether fractional laser rejuvenation will help you, then read the indications for which this procedure is recommended by specialists for excellent results:

• Stretch marks, spider veins and scars;
• Enlarged pores;
• Acne;
• Pigmentation;
• Flabby, fading, sagging skin;
• Wrinkles, crow's feet in the eye area.

If among these points you come across something that is typical for your skin, then be sure to take a course of fractional facial rejuvenation, and you will forget about your problems.

Contraindications

Before making an appointment at the clinic for a fractional laser rejuvenation procedure, you need to familiarize yourself with the contraindications. If you have read negative reviews on the Internet about this method of rejuvenation, then you should not be upset and abandon it completely. Most likely, the authors of such reviews simply did not take into account the presence of contraindications:

• Inflammatory processes in the treatment area;
• Skin infections;
• Psoriasis;
• Allergy;
• Malignant tumors in the laser impact area;
• Epilepsy.

There are many more indications than contraindications, so if you don’t have any of the above, then you shouldn’t refuse this truly wonderful procedure.

conclusions

Unfortunately, many cosmetologists and clinics, acquiring their own websites and other Internet resources, are increasingly misleading potential patients about certain procedures. There is no such thing as “laser photorejuvenation”, and you must remember this. This term is equivalent to mixing photoepilation and laser hair removal. And if you are offered “laser photorejuvenation” instead of laser rejuvenation, know: either this clinic does not have varied equipment and is deliberately confusing you with definitions, or, even worse, the cosmetologist himself does not understand the topic.

Striving for a positive result and health safety, choose a good cosmetologist and a clinic with licensed equipment.

How does the laser rejuvenation procedure work?

The procedure requires a special laser that efficiently treats problem areas of the patient’s skin. It can be used on skin of any condition and thickness.

Laser beams (fractions) contribute to the evaporation of small areas of skin, our eyes cannot see them. The tissues warm up, causing old collagen and elastin to be destroyed. For some time you will not see the result, the condition of the skin will not change, because the skin will not be damaged externally. However, the skin begins to recover and new cells are created. As a result, the skin is partially renewed and its condition improves.

The laser facial rejuvenation procedure is carried out in several steps:

1. First, the master prepares the client’s skin for the upcoming procedure. To do this, the area of ​​skin that will be affected is cleansed and a special cream is applied to it, which helps reduce pain.
2. The specialist carefully examines the skin and enters the relevant data into the fractional laser.
3. Using a laser, areas of the skin in a certain sector are evaporated. This lasts about half an hour.
4. This concludes the procedure. The skin is treated with a special ointment.

Don’t expect to notice the effect immediately after leaving the laser rejuvenation specialist’s office. At first, the skin will turn red and there may be slight swelling. Don't be alarmed, this is acceptable. The skin will fully recover in three days, and the effect will be noticeable after 10 days.

To consolidate the results, you should undergo a course of sessions, especially if you experience significant skin problems. Fractional laser rejuvenation of the face and skin has a cumulative property.

Watch a video about laser rejuvenation:

What are the benefits of undergoing the procedure?

Fractional resurfacing of the face with a CO2 laser allows you to solve a whole range of cosmetic problems and restore youth and beauty to the skin.

The results of the procedure are:

• Complete elimination of wrinkles.
• Pronounced lifting effect.
• Returning the natural texture of the skin, getting rid of scarring and post-acne marks.
• Increased skin turgor and elasticity
• Removal of pigmentation and tattoos.

Stages of implementation

1. Skin make-up remover.
2. Treatment of skin with medical antiseptics.
3. Applying an anesthetic to the treated area.
4. Protect your eyes from laser radiation with special glasses.
5. Laser skin treatment. After applying an anesthetic to the skin, it will be painless. Application with a cutaneous anesthetic lasts from 15 to 30 minutes
6. (about a quarter of an hour).
7. Application of special soothing and wound healing agents.
8. Application of sterile special post-procedural means.

How to prepare?

To prevent adverse consequences and speed up healing, it is necessary to follow a number of recommendations for preparing for the procedure.

Carry out skin cleansing, antiherpetic drugs (course 5 days), as well as for dehydrated and thin skin - 3 procedures: fractional mesotherapy, biorevitalization, skin hydrodeposition.

Two weeks before the upcoming laser treatment you should avoid:

• sun tanning, visiting a solarium;
• photosensitizing drugs (provoke a reaction of the skin to ultraviolet radiation): antibiotics (antifungals, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones);
• diuretics; neuroleptics; antidepressants; sleeping pills; cardio medications; contraceptives;

Possible complications

Laser facial resurfacing with a fractional CO2 laser is a modern procedure that is as safe as possible for the skin and has no side effects. However, failure to follow the doctor's recommendations before and after completion of the procedure can lead to a number of adverse consequences: the formation of scars or dark spots, herpetic rashes 6 to 12 days after the procedure.

Strict adherence to the technology of preparation for laser resurfacing, the experience and professionalism of our doctors allows us to reduce the risk of complications to zero. During the entire period of operation of the clinic, our clients have never encountered the stated consequences.

Recovery after skin resurfacing

Rehabilitation lasts about 5-7 days until the micro-crust peels off. Redness and slight swelling may persist for the first 2-3 days. After a few days, the skin begins to peel off, and crusts appear in places of microtrauma. During recovery, the skin is highly sensitive and requires delicate care.

During the recovery period after the procedure:

1. Completely exclude contact with water (including chlorhexidine and miramistin)
2. It is permissible to cleanse the skin only with micellar water or cosmetic milk.
3. Every 2-3 hours (up to 5 times a day) it is necessary to treat the affected area with a restorative agent recommended by a doctor.
4. On days 2-3, we recommend performing a deep hydrodeposition procedure in the clinic using an electroporation machine.

Subsequently, within 10 days:

• Apply moisturizer every 2-3 hours up to 5 times a day.
• Refrain from visiting the bathhouse, sauna, or swimming pool.

Due to increased photosensitivity of the skin after the procedure, it is necessary to protect the skin from direct exposure to sunlight. For daily care, use sunscreen for 3-4 weeks, and do not visit the solarium for 2 months.

Treatment plan

1 Option

• Biorevitalization No. 3 and carboxy No. 12;
• botulinum toxin;
• RF lifting and RF eye matrix No. 3 are alternated with a moisturizing procedure or Fractional mesotherapy is alternated with a moisturizing procedure;
• grinding, fifth: contour plastic to fill volumes if necessary.

Option 2

• Carboxy No. 12;
• fractional mesotherapy No. 4;
• RF alternating with BO No. 3;
• resurfacing if necessary or KP, complete with botulinum toxin, which fixes and prolongs the result.

Option 3

• Carboxy No. 12;
• fractional mesotherapy No. 4;
• after it collagen (Nithia) No. 3;
• after RF with BO No. 3 and complete everything with botulinum toxin;
• CP (contour plastic) to consolidate the result.

Are there possible consequences after the procedure?

Side effects after laser skin rejuvenation are possible, but observed quite rarely:

1. Mild itching occurs.
2. Formation of red spots in the laser impact area.
3. Activation of the herpes virus.
4. Violation of the integrity of the skin: peeling, minor burns, crust formation.

It is worth remembering that after laser rejuvenation you will not necessarily notice any of the listed symptoms. If they happen, they will pass in a few days. For most patients, everything goes away without consequences. It depends on the sensitivity of the skin and its structure.

Approximately 4% of patients experience negative consequences, such as:

1. Skin prone to seborrhea becomes covered with whiteheads (milia).
2. After the procedure, scars or keloids remain.
3. Skin hyperpigmentation.
4. Exacerbation of herpes and activation of its rashes (despite the prevention).

Laser rejuvenation: patient reviews

Anna (33 years old), St. Petersburg

I had a laser skin rejuvenation procedure at 30 and 33 years old. I want to say that you should not believe advertising that exaggerates the effect several times. Of course, there is a result, but not as impressive as it is said. My skin became more elastic, the pores shrank, my face took on a fresher appearance, the fine mesh was removed, the wrinkles on my forehead were slightly smoothed out, the freckles that appeared after the summer brightened and became smaller in diameter. If you know what the effect will be and do not hope for a miraculous transformation, you will be satisfied. It was especially painful around my mouth and ears, despite the pain relief. You definitely need to take a vacation from work, because you can only go outside after 5-6 days. The result will be better if you are under 40 years old, since the skin's ability to regenerate has not yet weakened. And after 40, several sessions will be required. At one time I also did chemical peels, but I realized that it was better to undergo laser rejuvenation once. This is the same as attending a whole course of mid-peelings. And the cost will be the same.

Alena (39 years old), Moscow

I want to share my experience. When I started thinking about fractional facial rejuvenation, I read a lot of reviews on the Internet. The result depends on how experienced the specialist who will perform the procedure is, what kind of skin you have and what equipment. I’ve been planning fractional rejuvenation for a long time, I’ve consulted with my cosmetologist more than once, but I still couldn’t make up my mind, because the method is still traumatic. The specialist told me that it is better to do the procedure on the eve of the weekend, since it takes 2-3 days for the skin to recover. I put off going to the salon, but still my age, unclear oval face and wrinkles did not give me rest. I did mesotherapy, but the wrinkles still return, the skin becomes rougher and dull. And I decided!

I'll tell you a little about how the procedure is carried out. First, an anesthetic is applied - ointment with lidocaine. Be sure to notify your cosmetologist if you are allergic to this substance. In this case, the master will use another tool. The ointment took effect on me within 20 minutes, and rejuvenation began). It took about 20 minutes to treat the face and neck. I must say that the sensations are unpleasant, but tolerable. There is a tingling sensation. It is very important to use a modern American or Italian laser because it is considered safe.

Half an hour passed and it became clear why the procedure is recommended to be done before the weekend. The anesthesia began to wear off and the skin became very red. I was by car, so I quickly got home, without showing myself to others, and immediately applied Bepanten Plus. It cools the skin and relieves inflammation. The cosmetologist advised me to apply it to the skin often and not to steam my face for several days.

My redness subsided within a day. Thin crusts appeared on those areas of the skin where the laser was applied. This is not scary, since new skin has formed and the old one has gone away. You just need to wait a couple of days and apply Bepanten. On the fourth day you can take a hot bath. After the bath, these crusts became soft, I removed them, while massaging the skin with my fingertips. Then it is better to apply moisturizer, then the new skin will glow. A week later, the result was obvious: I looked at least five years younger, age spots on my forehead and cheeks disappeared, the oval of my face became more toned, and the crow’s feet around my eyes became smaller. What pleased me most was the barely visible wrinkle across my forehead, which before the procedure was deep and spoiled my mood. My cosmetologist said the result was excellent. If you repeat the session after a month and a half, the effect can be consolidated for a longer time. I have already decided that I will definitely repeat it again.

Read material on the topic: Plasmolifting of the face - a breakthrough in domestic cosmetology

How often should laser rejuvenation be done and other patient questions?

Laser facial resurfacing, which was popular some time ago, is gradually being replaced by fractional facial rejuvenation (smooth rejuvenation).

Laser resurfacing, although it led to results, was a painful procedure with a very long recovery period. In addition, with a high risk of complications.

Gradually, these negative consequences go away thanks to modern lasers that are equipped with skin scanners.

How many procedures are needed for the fractional rejuvenation procedure to give a lasting effect?

Cosmetologists recommend undergoing at least five procedures to restore aging facial skin. The break between sessions is five days. But by contacting a dermatologist, you can create your own rejuvenation program, which will take into account the characteristics of your skin.

The first result can be seen just four days after the laser rejuvenation procedure: the skin will become more toned, its color and structure will improve, and shallow wrinkles will be smoothed out.

If you go through the entire course of procedures, the effect will be more impressive: wrinkles and folds will smooth out better, stretch marks and scars will disappear, pores will narrow, the skin will tighten, pigment spots will become much lighter or completely eliminated.

As a rule, the effect of fractional facial rejuvenation lasts for several years. At a minimum, the result is noticeable for one year. And it is worth remembering that the sooner you contact cosmetologists, the more effective the procedure will be.

At what age is it legal to undergo laser facial rejuvenation?

Laser facial rejuvenation can be done from the age of 17. At this age, there may be acne scars that can be treated with this procedure. And for mature women it will help maintain attractiveness and youth.

Laser beams that affect problem areas of the skin stimulate skin cells to produce collagen. This is useful for everyone over 40 years of age.

Depending on how complex the defect is and how exactly the laser affects the skin, the rehabilitation period can vary - from one to two weeks.

How soon can you go back to work?

It’s impossible to say for sure. This depends on the area of ​​the treated area, the type of laser rejuvenation and the professionalism of your cosmetologist. Some people go to work in two days, while others only after three weeks. There are also cases when patients are ready to work the very next day.

How many procedures will be required?

It depends on the tasks you set for the doctor. The interval is chosen by the doctor depending on which device the procedure will be performed on. For preventive purposes, sessions are held once a year and can be combined with other cosmetology measures.

Skin care after the procedure

Laser cosmetology involves intense exposure, literally evaporation of the upper layer of keratinized epidermal cells. For this reason, the patient must follow special skin care rules for at least one month:

• For the first few days, instead of washing, you should use special cleansers that your doctor will recommend.
• For 3 days, the treated skin areas should not be wetted, including visiting a bathhouse, swimming pool, or sauna.
• Prolonged exposure to the sun should be avoided for at least one month. If this is unavoidable, you must use sunscreen.
• Dryness may cause itching, but irritated skin should not be touched. If crusts appear, they should also not be touched or removed; they should come off on their own.

The doctor will recommend skin care products that are suitable for your skin during the recovery period. They must be used every day until complete recovery.

Important! Laser cosmetology procedures have their drawbacks, for example, the results are not immediate - usually the skin recovers in about a week, but they have more advantages. Just 10 days after the session, your skin will acquire a healthy, radiant appearance, the shape of your face will become more toned, and you will look much younger than your actual age.

Laser rejuvenation results

• Wrinkles are smoothed out.
• The surface of the skin is smoothed.
• Striae become invisible.
• In general, the structure of the epidermis improves - irregularities, scars, and post-acne disappear.
• Skin color is evened out.
• Pores become smaller.
• The oval of the face becomes clearer.
• Dark circles under the eyes disappear.
• There is a pronounced vascular network on the face and body.
• The severity of pigmentation is reduced.
• The complexion acquires radiance and a touch of freshness.

With the help of the procedure, you will become several years younger. The effect will last for a year or more, and scars and stretch marks removed by laser will never return. The skin will regain its former elasticity and beautiful shade. The flaws either disappear completely or become barely noticeable.

Possible side effects

Like any other effect on the skin, the laser rejuvenation procedure can lead to unpleasant consequences:

• painful sensations;
• peeling;
• burn;
• slight itching;
• swelling;
• redness;
• pigmentation;
• crust formation;
• scarring;
• herpes.

Most negative consequences are temporary. As for the appearance of scars and age spots, they are rather the exception to the rule and are observed in isolated cases

Where to get fractional laser rejuvenation in Moscow

Contact the City Beauty and Health Center “Veronika Herba”, which uses innovative technology - the AFFIRM laser device, developed by the American company CYNOSURE. This laser can be considered a revolution in aesthetic cosmetology.

This laser provides non-ablative fractional laser rejuvenation. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved this procedure. It is also registered in Russia. In addition, this system has received the prestigious ASLMS Award and is recognized as the best fractional technology in the United States.

Fractional laser AFFIRM is:

Uniqueness. Deep rejuvenation + effective lifting in one session.

Possibilities.

The laser acts on all factors that contribute to skin aging: dilated blood vessels, wrinkles, skin hydration, pigmentation, decreased tone, uneven texture.

Intelligence.

The laser has a built-in triple radiation calibration system, which ensures accurate operation.

Maximum efficiency and economy.

The amount of microthermal damage increases the density of the laser beam and reduces the time of laser facial skin rejuvenation to 15 minutes. Thus, in one session the master performs two procedures.

Safety.

Since the penetration depth of the beams can be precisely controlled, the results are guaranteed. A big advantage is that the procedure does not require a long rehabilitation period.

Painless.

Anesthesia is not required because an air system is provided that cools the area of ​​skin that is treated with the laser by 30 C. Thanks to this, the patient does not feel pain.

How does it work and how is it different from other procedures?

Lasers that use patented MultiPlex (MPX) technology generate two types of pulses. This is what makes them different from all others. The American laser Affirm MPX (Cynosure) has a wavelength of 1320 nm and 1440 nm, which allows you to consistently, with a difference of 3–5 ms, act on different layers of the patient’s skin, and therefore on different links leading to aging.

The procedure requires a glass tip, which provides cooling of the epidermis when exposed to the laser and after treatment. Cynosure Affirm MPX first emits a pulse at a wavelength of 1320 nm. The CAP system consists of approximately a thousand diffractive elements and is a special lens. These elements help disperse the laser beam, so large areas of skin can be treated in one pulse. The pulse with a wavelength of 1320 nm is redistributed, which leads to the fact that the dermal structures located at a depth of 0.5 to 2 millimeters are heated evenly, and regeneration of collagen fibers occurs. The skin becomes more elastic.

When a pulse with a wavelength of 1320 nm is applied to the skin, a pause lasting 3-5 milliseconds occurs. During this procedure, the epidermis is cooled and the client’s discomfort is minimized. After this, the laser emits a pulse with a wavelength of 1440 nm, which is also redistributed by the diffraction elements of the ACS. Thanks to this, the surface layers of the dermis and epidermis are treated evenly, and photodamage is corrected.

As you can see, the combination of MultiPlex technology and the CAP system makes the laser rejuvenation procedure more effective, without damaging the tissue.

Application of laser in dermatology and cosmetology

The search for new means and methods of treating dermatoses is due to intolerance to many drugs, the development of allergic reactions of varying severity, side effects of drugs, the low therapeutic effectiveness of generally accepted methods of treatment, and the need to improve and optimize existing methods. In this regard, studying the capabilities of various physical factors - ultrasound, cryotherapy, phototherapy, magnetic and laser radiation - is an important practical task of modern dermatology. This article describes the main physical and therapeutic properties of laser radiation, as well as the range of its applications in dermatology and cosmetology.

The term "laser" is an abbreviation for the English Light Amplification by Simulated Emission of Radiation - amplification of light using induced radiation.

A laser (or optical quantum generator) is a technical device that produces electromagnetic radiation in the form of a directed, focused, highly coherent monochromatic beam.

Physical properties of laser radiation

The coherence of laser radiation determines the constancy of the phase and frequency (wavelength) throughout the operation of the laser, i.e., this is a property that determines the exceptional ability to concentrate light energy in various parameters: in the spectrum - a very narrow spectral line of radiation; in time - the possibility of obtaining ultrashort light pulses; in space and direction - the possibility of obtaining a directed beam with minimal divergence and focusing of all radiation in a small area with dimensions on the order of the wavelength. All these parameters make it possible to carry out local effects, down to the cellular level, as well as to effectively transmit radiation through optical fibers for remote effects.

The divergence of laser radiation is a plane or solid angle that characterizes the width of the radiation pattern in the far field at a given level of energy distribution or power of laser radiation, determined in relation to its maximum value.

Monochromaticity is the spectral width of the radiation and the characteristic wavelength for each radiation source.

Polarization is a manifestation of the transversality of an electromagnetic wave, i.e., maintaining a constant orthogonal position of mutually perpendicular vectors of electric and magnetic field strength in relation to the speed of propagation of the wave front.

The high intensity of laser radiation allows significant energy to be concentrated in a small volume, which causes multiphoton and other nonlinear processes in the biological environment, local thermal heating, rapid evaporation, and hydrodynamic explosion.

The energy parameters of lasers include: radiation power, measured in watts (W); radiation energy, measured in joules (J); wavelength, measured in micrometers (µm); radiation dose (or energy density) - J/cm².

Laser radiation differs in its properties from other types of electromagnetic radiation (X-ray and high-frequency γ-radiation) used in medicine. Most laser sources emit in the ultraviolet or infrared ranges of electromagnetic waves, and the main difference between laser radiation and the light of conventional thermal sources is its spatial and temporal coherence. Thanks to this, laser radiation energy is relatively easy to transmit over a considerable distance and concentrate in small volumes or in short time intervals.

Laser radiation affecting a biological object for therapeutic purposes is an external physical factor. When laser radiation energy is absorbed by a biological object, all processes occurring during this process are subject to physical laws (reflection, absorption, dispersion). The degree of reflection, scattering and absorption depends on the condition of the skin: moisture, pigmentation, blood supply and swelling of the skin and underlying tissues.

The penetration depth of laser radiation depends on the wavelength, decreasing from long-wave to short-wave radiation. Thus, infrared (0.76–1.5 μm) and visible radiation have the greatest penetrating power (3–5–7 cm), while ultraviolet and other long-wave radiation are strongly absorbed by the epidermis and therefore penetrate into tissues to a shallow depth (1– 1.5 cm).

Application of laser in medicine:

• destructive effects on biological structures and processes - coagulation (in ophthalmology, oncology, dermatovenereology) and tissue dissection (in surgery);
• biostimulation (in physiotherapy);
• diagnostics - study of biological structures and processes (Doppler spectroscopy, flow cytophotometry, holography, laser microscopy, etc.).

Application of lasers in dermatology

In dermatology, two types of laser radiation are used: low-intensity - as laser therapy and high-intensity - in laser surgery.

Lasers are divided according to the type of active medium:

• to solid-state (ruby, neodymium);
• gas - HE-NE (helium-neon), CO2;
• semiconductor (or diode);
• liquid (based on inorganic or organic dyes);
• metal vapor lasers (the most common are copper or gold vapor).

Depending on the type of radiation, there are ultraviolet, visible and infrared lasers. At the same time, both semiconductor lasers and metal vapor lasers can be both low-intensity (for therapy) and high-intensity (for surgery).

Low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) is used for laser therapy of skin diseases. The effect of LILI is to activate cell membrane enzymes, increase the electrical charge of proteins and phospholipids, stabilize membrane and free lipids, increase oxyhemoglobin in the body, activate tissue respiration processes, increase cAMP synthesis, stabilize oxidative phosphorylation of lipids (reduce free radical complexes).

When exposed to LILI on biological tissue, the following main effects are observed:

• anti-inflammatory,
• antioxidant,
• anesthetic,
• immunomodulatory.

The pronounced therapeutic effect in the treatment of human diseases of various etiologies and pathogenesis suggests the existence of a biostimulating mechanism of action of low-power laser radiation. Researchers consider the immune system's response to laser radiation to be one of the most important factors in the mechanism of laser therapy, which, in their opinion, is the trigger point in the reaction of the whole organism.

Anti-inflammatory effect

When exposed to LILI on the skin, an anti-inflammatory effect is observed: microcirculation in tissues is activated, blood vessels dilate, the number of functioning capillaries increases and collaterals are formed, blood flow in tissues increases, the permeability of cell membranes and osmotic pressure in cells is normalized, and the synthesis of cAMP increases. All these processes lead to a decrease in interstitial edema, hyperemia, peeling, itching, delimitation of the pathological process (focus) is observed, and acute inflammatory manifestations subside within 2–3 days. The effect of LILI on the area of ​​inflammation in the skin, in addition to the anti-inflammatory effect, provides an antibacterial and fungicidal effect. According to literature data, the number of bacteria and fungal flora is reduced by 50% within 3–5 minutes of laser irradiation of the pathological area.

Taking into account the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect of LILI when applied locally to the skin, lasers are used in the treatment of diseases such as pyoderma (folliculitis, boils, impetigo, acne, streptostaphyloderma, chancriform pyoderma), trophic ulcers, allergic dermatoses (true eczema, microbial eczema, atopic dermatitis , urticaria). LILI is also used for dermatitis, burns, psoriasis, lichen planus, scleroderma, vitiligo, diseases of the oral mucosa and red border of the lips (bullous pemphigoid, exudative erythema multiforme, cheilitis, stomatitis, etc.).

Antioxidant effect

When exposed to LILI, an antioxidant effect is observed, which is ensured by reducing the production of free radical complexes, when cellular and subcellular components are protected from damage, as well as ensuring the integrity of organelles. This effect is associated with the pathogenesis of a significant number of skin diseases and the mechanism of skin aging. As studies by G. E. Brill and co-authors have shown, LILI activates the enzymatic component of antioxidant protection in erythrocytes and somewhat weakens the stimulating effect of stress on lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes.

The antioxidant effect of LILI is used in the treatment of allergic dermatoses, chronic skin diseases and during anti-aging procedures.

Analgesic effect

The analgesic effect of LILI is achieved due to the blockade of pain sensitivity along the nerve fibers. At the same time, a slight sedative effect is observed. Also, the analgesic effect is provided by reducing the sensitivity of the skin receptor apparatus, increasing the threshold of pain sensitivity, and stimulating the activity of opiate receptors.

The combination of analgesic and mild sedative effects plays an important role, since in various skin diseases itching (as a perverted manifestation of pain) is the main symptom that disrupts the patient’s quality of life. These effects make it possible to use LILI for allergic dermatoses, itchy dermatoses, and lichen planus.

Immunomodulatory effect

Recently, it has been proven that in various skin diseases there is an imbalance of the immune system. Both with local irradiation of the skin and with intravenous irradiation of the blood, LILI has an immunomodulatory effect - dysglobulinemia is eliminated, the activity of phagocytosis increases, apoptosis is normalized and the neuroendocrine system is activated.

Some techniques using LILI

Allergic dermatoses (atopic dermatitis, chronic eczema, recurrent urticaria). LILI irradiation of venous blood is carried out using an invasive or non-invasive method, as well as local laser therapy.

The invasive method consists of venipuncture (venesection) in the area of ​​the radial vein, collecting blood in an amount of 500–750 ml, which is passed through a laser beam, followed by reinfusion of irradiated blood. The procedure is carried out once, once every six months with an exposure of 30 minutes.

The non-invasive method involves applying a laser beam to the projection of the radial vein. At this time, the patient clenches and unclenches his fist. As a result, 70% of the blood is irradiated within 30 minutes. The method is painless, does not require special conditions, and involves the use of both continuous and pulsed laser radiation - from 5 to 10,000 Hz. It has been established that vibrations of 10,000 Hz correspond to vibrations on the surface of cell membranes.

Blood irradiation is performed only with a helium-neon laser, wavelength 633 nm, power 60.0 mW and semiconductor lasers with a wavelength of 0.63 microns.

S. R. Utz et al used laser heads with a reflective surface to treat severe forms of atopic dermatitis in children using a non-invasive method; Immersion oil was applied to the skin at the irradiation site, and compression was created with the head. The irradiation zone was the great saphenous vein at the level of the medial malleolus.

The listed methods are supplemented with local laser therapy. Recommended maximum area sizes for laser therapy during one session: for the skin of the face and mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, mouth and lips - 10 cm², for other areas of the skin - 20 cm². For symmetrical lesions, it is advisable to sequentially work on two contralateral zones during one session with an equal division of the recommended area.

When working on the skin of the face, it is strictly forbidden to direct the beam at the eyes and eyelids. It follows that helium-neon laser radiation should not be used to treat eyelid skin diseases.

Helium-neon laser radiation is used mainly in remote mode. To treat skin diseases with a lesion area greater than 1–2 cm², the laser beam spot is moved at a speed of 1 cm/s over the entire area selected for the session so that it is all evenly irradiated. A spiral scanning vector is advisable - from the center to the periphery.

In atopic dermatitis, irradiation is carried out across fields, covering the entire affected surface of the skin according to the configuration of the pathological area from the periphery to the center, with irradiation of healthy tissue within 1–1.5 cm or scanning with a laser beam at a speed of 1 cm/s. The radiation dose per session is 1–30 J/cm², session duration is up to 25 minutes, course of 5–15 sessions. Treatment can be carried out against the background of antioxidant therapy and vitamin therapy.

When irradiating venous blood using LILI in patients with allergic dermatoses, we achieve all the above-mentioned effects of laser radiation, which contributes to a faster recovery and a reduction in relapses.

Psoriasis. For psoriasis, blood irradiation is used, laser inductothermy of the adrenal glands is used, as well as local effects on plaques. It is usually performed with infrared (0.89 nm, 3–5 W) or helium-neon lasers (633 nm, 60 mW).

Laser inductothermy of the adrenal glands is carried out by contact on the skin in the projection of the adrenal glands, from 2 to 5 minutes, depending on the patient’s weight, the course is 15–25 sessions. Laser irradiation is carried out in the stationary and regressing stages of psoriasis, ensuring the production of endogenous cortisol by the patient's body, which leads to the resolution of psoriatic elements and allows achieving a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

The effectiveness of laser therapy for psoriatic arthritis has been shown. During treatment, the affected joints are irradiated, sometimes local therapy is combined with irradiation of the adrenal glands. After two sessions, an exacerbation is noted, which becomes less intense by the 5th session, and by the 7th–10th sessions the condition stabilizes. A course of laser therapy consists of 14–15 sessions.

A fundamentally new direction in the treatment of psoriasis and vitiligo is the development and clinical use of an excimer laser based on xenon chloride, which is a source of narrow-band ultraviolet (UVB) radiation with a length of 308 nm. Since the energy is directed only to the area of ​​the plaque and healthy skin is not affected, the lesions can be irradiated using radiation with a high energy density (from 100 mJ/cm² and above), which enhances the antipsoriatic effect. Short pulses of up to 30 ns allow you to avoid vaporization and thermal damage. A narrow monochromatic radiation spectrum with a length of 308 nm acts only on one chromophore, causing the death of mutagenic keratinocyte nuclei and activating T-cell apoptosis. The introduction of excimer laser systems into widespread clinical practice is limited by their high cost, lack of methodological support, insufficient knowledge of long-term results, and difficulties associated with calculating the depth of exposure as plaques thin out during therapy.

Lichen planus (LP). In case of LLP, the technique of local irradiation of rashes by contact method, sliding movements from the periphery to the center is usually used. Exposure - from 2 to 5 minutes, depending on the affected area. The total dose should not exceed 60 J/cm². Such procedures provide an anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effect. To resolve plaques, the exposure is increased to 15 minutes.

When LLP is localized on the scalp, laser irradiation is carried out with an exposure time of up to 5 minutes. In addition to the above-mentioned effects, stimulation of hair growth in the irradiation zone is achieved.

When applying these methods, infrared, helium-neon and copper vapor laser radiation is used. In case of LP, irradiation of venous blood can also be performed.

Pyoderma. For pustular skin diseases, the technique of LILI irradiation of venous blood and the technique of local irradiation by contact method, sliding movements with an exposure of up to 5 minutes are also used.

These techniques make it possible to achieve anti-inflammatory, antibacterial (bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal) effects, as well as stimulation of reparative processes.

For erysipelas, LILI is used contact, remotely and intravenously. When using laser therapy, body temperature normalizes 2–4 days earlier, regression of local manifestations occurs 4–7 days faster, cleansing and all repair processes occur 2–5 days faster. An increase in fibrinolytic activity, the content of T- and B-lymphocytes and their functional activity, and an improvement in microcirculation were revealed. Relapses with traditional treatment are 43%, with LILI - 2.7%.

Vasculitis. For the treatment of skin vasculitis, V.V. Kulaga and co-authors propose the invasive LILI method. 3–5 ml of blood is taken from the patient’s vein, placed in a cuvette and irradiated with a 25 mW helium-neon laser for 2–3 minutes, after which 1–2 ml of irradiated blood is injected into the lesions. 2–4 injections are given in one session, 2–3 sessions per week, the course of treatment consists of 10–12 sessions. Other authors recommend intravascular irradiation of blood with helium-neon laser energy with a power of 1–2 mW for 10–30 minutes, sessions are carried out daily or every other day, the course consists of 10–30 sessions.

Scleroderma. J. J. Rapoport and co-authors propose to conduct laser therapy sessions using a helium-neon laser through a light guide inserted through a needle at the border of healthy and affected skin. The session lasts 10 minutes, the dose is 4 J/cm³. Another technique involves external irradiation of lesions with radiation at a power of 3–4 mW/cm² with an exposure of 5–10 minutes, a course of 30 sessions.

Viral dermatoses. Laser therapy has been used quite successfully for herpes zoster. A. A. Kalamkaryan and co-authors proposed remote segmental irradiation of lesions with a helium-neon laser with a power of 20–25 mW, in which the laser beam moves along the nerve trunks and to the sites of rashes. Sessions are held daily and last from 3 to 20 days.

Vitiligo. To treat vitiligo, helium-neon laser radiation and external photosensitizers, such as aniline dyes, are used. Immediately before the procedure, a dye solution (diamond green, methylene blue, fucorcin) is applied to the lesions, after which local irradiation is carried out with a defocused laser beam with a power of 1–1.5 mW/cm². The duration of the session is 3–5 minutes, daily, the course is 15–20 sessions, repeated courses are possible after 3–4 weeks.

Baldness. The use of a copper vapor laser in an experiment carried out on the skin, according to electron microscopy, revealed a marked increase in proliferative and metabolic activity in epidermocytes, including hair follicles. An expansion of the microvessels of the papillary dermis was noted. In connective tissue, in particular in fibroblasts, a relative increase in the volume of intracellular structures associated with collagen synthesis was detected. An increase in activity was recorded in neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and mast cells. The listed changes are the basis for the treatment of baldness. Already after the 4th–5th session of laser therapy, growth of vellus hair on the head is noted.

The vitiligo treatment technique described above is also used to treat patchy baldness.

Scarring. Using light and electron microscopy, changes that occur in skin scars as a result of the use of laser radiation in humans were studied. Thus, the use of ultraviolet and helium-neon LILI did not cause significant changes due to the shallow penetration of laser energy. After using infrared laser radiation, the number of collagen-resorbing fibroblasts increases, while the collagen fibers become thinner, the number of mast cells and the release of secretory granules slightly decrease. The relative volume fraction of microvessels increases to some extent.

When using LILI to prevent severe scarring of skin surgical wounds, a decrease in the content of active fibroblasts and, consequently, collagen was revealed.

Use of high-intensity laser radiation (HILI)

VILI is obtained using CO2, Er:YAG laser and argon laser. CO2 laser is mainly used for laser removal (destruction) of papillomas, warts, condylomas, scars and dermabrasion; Er:YAG laser - for laser skin rejuvenation. There are also combined CO2 and Er:YAG laser systems.

Laser destruction. VILI is used in dermatology and cosmetology for the destruction of tumors, removal of nail plates, as well as for laser vaporization of papillomas, condylomas, nevi and warts. In this case, the radiation power can range from 1.0 to 10.0 W.

Neodymium and CO2 lasers are used in clinical practice. When using a CO2 laser, surrounding tissues are less damaged, and a neodymium laser has a better hemostatic effect. In addition to the laser physically removing lesions, studies have shown the toxic effects of laser radiation on human papillomavirus (HPV). By varying the laser power, spot size and exposure time, the depth of coagulation can be controlled. Well-trained personnel are required to perform the procedures. Lasers require anesthesia, but topical or topical anesthesia is sufficient, allowing procedures to be performed on an outpatient basis. However, 85% of patients still report mild pain. The method has approximately the same effectiveness as electrocoagulation, but is less painful, causes fewer postoperative side effects, including less pronounced scarring, and provides a good cosmetic effect. The effectiveness of the method reaches 80–90% in the treatment of genital warts.

Laser therapy can be successfully used to treat common warts that are resistant to other treatments. In this case, several courses of treatment are carried out, which allows increasing the cure rate from 55 (after 1 course) to 85%. However, in special cases with many years of ineffective treatment with various methods, the effectiveness of laser therapy is not so high. Even after multiple courses of treatment, it can stop recurrence in only about 40% of patients. Careful studies have shown that such a low rate is due to the fact that the CO2 laser is ineffective in eliminating the viral genome from lesions that are resistant to treatment (according to PCR, molecular biological cure occurs in 26% of patients).

Laser therapy can be used to treat genital warts in teenagers. The method has been shown to be highly effective and safe in treating this group of patients; in most cases, 1 procedure is sufficient for cure.

To reduce the number of relapses of genital warts (recurrence rate from 4 to 30%), it is recommended to use laser “cleaning” of the surrounding mucosa after the removal procedure. When using the “cleansing” technique, discomfort and pain are often observed. In the presence of large condylomas, before laser therapy, their preliminary destruction is recommended, in particular with electrocautery. This, in turn, avoids the side effects associated with electroresection. A possible cause of relapse is the persistence of the HPV genome in the skin near the treatment sites, which was identified both after laser application and after electrosurgical excision.

The most severe side effects of laser destruction are: ulceration, bleeding, and secondary wound infection. After laser excision of warts, complications develop in 12% of patients.

As with electrosurgical methods, HPV DNA is released through smoke, which requires appropriate precautions to avoid contamination of the physician's nasopharynx. At the same time, some studies have shown no difference in the incidence of warts among surgeons involved in laser therapy compared with other groups of the population. There were no significant differences in the incidence of warts between groups of doctors who used and did not use protective equipment and smoke evacuators. However, because the types of HPV that cause genital warts can infect the lining of the upper respiratory tract, laser smoke containing these viruses is dangerous for surgeons performing vaporization.

The widespread use of laser destruction methods is hampered by the high cost of high-quality equipment and the need to train experienced personnel.

Laser hair removal. Laser hair removal (thermal laser hair removal) is based on the principle of selective photothermolysis. A light wave with specially selected characteristics passes through the skin and, without damaging it, is selectively absorbed by melanin, which is contained in large quantities in the hair follicles. This causes heating of the hair follicles, followed by their coagulation and destruction. To destroy the follicles, the required amount of light energy must be supplied to the hair root. For hair removal, radiation with a power of 10.0 to 60.0 W is used. Since hair is in different stages of growth, complete hair removal requires several procedures. They are carried out on any part of the body, non-contact, at least 3 times with an interval of 1–3 months.

The main advantages of laser hair removal are the comfort and painlessness of the procedures, the achievement of stable and long-term results, safety, high processing speed (hundreds of follicles are removed simultaneously with one pulse), non-invasiveness, and non-contact. Thus, this method represents the most effective and most cost-effective method of hair removal today. Prolonged exposure to the sun and tanning (natural or artificial) significantly reduces the effectiveness of procedures.

Laser dermabrasion. Dermabrasion is the removal of the upper layers of the epidermis. After exposure, a fairly soft and painless laser scab remains. Within 1 month after the procedure, new young skin is formed under the scab. Laser dermabrasion is used to rejuvenate the skin of the face and neck, remove tattoos, polish scars, and also as a treatment for post-acne in patients with severe forms of acne.

Laser skin rejuvenation. The laser provides precise and superficial ablation with minimal heat damage and no bleeding, resulting in rapid healing and resolution of erythema. For this purpose, Er:YAG lasers are mainly used, which are good for superficial skin rejuvenation (including in dark-skinned patients). The devices allow for quick and uniform scanning of the skin, as well as even out color boundaries after CO2 laser treatment.

Contraindications to the use of laser therapy

Laser therapy is used with caution in patients with cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and thyrotoxicosis in the stage of decompensation, severe heart rhythm disturbances, angina pectoris of the 3-4th functional classes and circulatory failure of the 2nd-3rd stage, blood diseases, threat bleeding, active form of tuberculosis, mental illness, as well as individual intolerance.

Thus, laser radiation is a powerful adjuvant in the treatment of patients with various dermatological diseases and the method of choice in surgical dermatology and cosmetology.

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A. M. Solovyov, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor K. B. Olkhovskaya, Candidate of Medical Sciences

MGMSU, Moscow