Sexually transmitted diseases are one of the most serious psychological and social problems. Promiscuity and neglect of contraception lead to serious health consequences.
Infection occurs through blood, semen, genital secretions, and even through household contact. Therefore, the more we know about STDs and the more carefully we follow the basic rules of protection, the less risk we expose ourselves and the people around us.
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Symptoms of STDs in men
Men can assume that they have sexually transmitted diseases based on characteristic symptoms:
- Discharge from the urethra. They may be whitish in color, accompanied by pus and an unpleasant odor.
— Problems with urination: pain, cramping, too frequent/false urges, the need to urinate at night.
— Cutting pain, discomfort, itching, burning in the head of the penis.
— Unpleasant sensations in the pubic area and/or lower abdomen.
- Redness, rashes on the glans penis and/or foreskin.
— Sexual dysfunction: premature ejaculation, increased sensitivity during sexual intercourse, weak erection, lack of desire.
- Enlarged inguinal lymph nodes.
- Peeling, cracks in the tongue.
- Yellowing of the whites of the eyes and skin (in the case of hepatitis B).
— Sore throat (if infection occurred orally).
— The occurrence of proctitis (inflammation of the rectal mucosa). Appears if infection occurs through the anus. Proctitis develops over several hours and is characterized by pain in the anus and rectum.
Also, an STD may be accompanied by fever, general weakness, chills and headache.
The clinical picture of an STD may initially appear gradually and indirectly. Therefore, the appearance of any symptom should be an alarm bell and a reason to visit a urologist.
The increase in the number of cases of STDs is associated with the following factors:
- frequent change of sexual partners;
- lack of habit of using condoms;
- neglect of the appearance of symptoms;
- self-medication.
Classification of STIs
There are several dozen sexually transmitted infections in total. All of them are divided into several groups:
- Viral.
- HIV. With the human immunodeficiency virus, the immune system suffers and is greatly reduced. Today, with timely diagnosis of the disease and compliance with treatment, HIV may not progress to the dangerous stage of AIDS. The incubation (asymptomatic) period can last up to a year. In Russia today there are about 1 million HIV-infected people registered.
- Hepatitis B. This is an infectious disease in which viruses entering the body begin to destroy liver cells. Distinctive symptoms include nausea, vomiting, yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes.
- Genital herpes. The source of infection is the liquid inside the herpes blisters. Once in the blood, the virus spreads to tissues and organs. It remains asymptomatic for a long time, then watery blisters appear. In men, blisters are located on the penis, testicles, buttocks, or around the anus.
- Molluscum contagiosum. Appears as small, dense bumps on the skin. May increase in size. Under conditions of strong immunity, the disease is well cured and does not cause complications.
- Bacterial.
- Syphilis. Its causative agents are bacteria - Treponema pallidum. Thanks to antibiotics, the disease is easily treatable. Penetrating into the body, they cause microtraumas on the mucous membranes and skin.
- Gonorrhea. People call it “hussar runny nose,” since the main symptom is yellow-green purulent discharge from the genitals.
- Chlamydia. Chlamydia in the human body begins to actively multiply when immunity decreases, causing a pathological process. Chlamydia can also be caused by other diseases, such as urethritis. An untreated disease can cause male infertility.
- Candidiasis. A distinctive feature of this disease is the appearance of a white coating (curdled discharge) on the head of the penis.
- Urethritis (inflammation of the urethra). It swells and its lumen narrows. A man experiences burning pain and discomfort when urinating or having sexual intercourse.
- Pubic lice (pediculosis pubis). This is a skin infection caused by parasites, which causes severe itching and pain in the affected area. Lice can breed in the anus, armpits, and genital area.
- Scabies. The disease is caused by the scabies mite (itch). The main symptom is the appearance of raised, white, long bumps on the skin and itching at night.
All these diseases pose a threat not only to the male body, but also to the health of his partner. Some sexually transmitted infections are fraught with the development of cancer.
STDs are transmitted:
— For any type of sexual intercourse (vaginal, oral, anal);
— Through sperm, vaginal secretion;
- Breast milk;
— In contact with an infected person who has open sores or rashes;
— In case of contact with the patient’s blood;
— In case of poor sterilization of instruments;
— Through personal hygiene and household items (rare, but there are confirmed cases).
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Causes of blisters on the genitals in men
The following diseases can cause blisters or rashes on the skin of the penis and scrotum:
- genital herpes,
- chicken pox,
- streptoderma,
- ostiofolliculitis,
- allergic dermatitis.
These diseases are usually accompanied by the appearance of multiple rashes. Blisters with fluid can appear not only on the genitals, but also in other areas of the body.
A single blister on the skin of the penis is usually an atheroma - a sebaceous gland cyst. Atheroma appears when the gland duct becomes blocked. The formation is usually dense, mobile, can be easily felt under the skin, does not hurt or bother. If an infection gets into the cyst, an inflammatory process may develop, which is accompanied by tissue suppuration, fever, and deterioration in health. To avoid the development of complications, it is better to remove the atheroma.
Tests for sexually transmitted infections
To find out whether a person is infected or not, there is a certain list of tests. As a rule, for more effective diagnosis, a combination of several types of tests is used:
— A smear on the flora. It is taken from the mucous membranes of the genital organs, less often from the mouth or anus. When the smear dries, the doctor examines it under a microscope.
— Bacterial culture. It requires a saliva/blood/urine/stool sample. The sample is placed in a substrate nutritious for bacterial growth. After 7-8 days, the causative agent of the disease can be determined, and their sensitivity to certain antibiotics can be analyzed.
— PCR diagnostics. This is a molecular genetic study, the accuracy of which is 95% and allows you to detect even hidden infections. Based on the method of repeated copying of DNA fragments.
— General and biochemical blood test. It allows you to identify inflammation and evaluate changes in organ function.
— Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It detects antibodies to STD pathogens. This allows us to identify both the current disease and past infections.
Diagnosis and treatment
The doctor can determine the cause of the rash based on the results of the examination. To develop a treatment program, a comprehensive examination is prescribed. This may include:
- STI tests,
- smear microscopy to identify the causative agent of the inflammatory process and its sensitivity to antibiotics,
- allergy tests.
Treatment of skin blisters usually involves the use of local agents with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic effects. In case of advanced inflammatory process or dangerous infection, the doctor may also prescribe antibiotics and antivirals for oral administration.
If the cause of the rash is an allergy, it is necessary to identify the allergen and limit contact with it, as well as take antihistamines prescribed by a specialist.
During and after treatment, it is important to carefully monitor the hygiene of the genital organs and avoid synthetic underwear.
The specialists at our andrology clinic in Moscow have extensive experience in treating diseases of the genital organs in men. To make an appointment, fill out the form on the website or call the number provided.
Treatment of STDs in men at Expert Clinics
The Expert Clinics medical center will be able to fully take care of your health and the health of your partner. When you come to us, you will receive:
- Complete anonymity;
- Comfortable conditions for diagnosis and treatment;
- Consultation with the best doctors in Moscow;
- Effective and modern treatment;
- Possibility to take all tests in one place;
- High level of professionalism of all medical staff.
Treatment for STDs can only be prescribed by a doctor based on the results of the examination. Depending on the infection, therapy may be antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, or antiparasitic. Immunostimulants, physical therapy, and vitamin therapy are also used as strengthening measures and to reduce the risk of complications. Since STDs have a negative effect on the skin, topical agents (ointments, creams) are selected.
Modern medications make it possible to get rid of sexually transmitted diseases in 10-14 days. A prerequisite is simultaneous treatment with your sexual partner, even if he has no symptoms. The basis for rapid recovery is sexual rest for the entire period of therapy.
Remember that not taking symptoms or diagnosis seriously can lead to infertility, severe damage to the heart, blood vessels, joints, and also lead to the appearance of chronic, inflammatory and oncological diseases of the genital organs.
Treatment methods for scrotal inflammation
Inflammation is usually caused by infection in the scrotal tissue. Treatment of the disease is taking antibiotics. The doctor prescribes medications depending on the patient’s age, type of infection, presence of other diseases and other factors. During treatment, the doctor conducts periodic examinations of the patient.
In addition, along with antibiotics, the patient is prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs that help relieve pain, relieve swelling in the affected area and prevent further inflammation. In the acute form, when the patient experiences severe pain, medications are used to relieve pain. You can get rid of unpleasant sensations without medications: in particular, doctors recommend that men wear tight underwear. This improves lymph and blood circulation in the tissues of the scrotum, which leads to a reduction in the inflammatory process.
Treatment is more difficult if the patient has suppuration at the site of inflammation. Such complications develop with a recurrent form of pathology in testicular tuberculosis. You can get rid of this unpleasant pathology surgically. The doctor removes the purulent formation; in severe cases, the testicle or its epididymis. At the very beginning of the development of the disease, treatment with physiotherapy methods is possible, but they are not always used. At these stages, patients rarely seek help, and later physical therapy becomes ineffective.
When the scrotum becomes inflamed, not only the testicles and their appendages can become inflamed, but also the skin of the scrotum itself. This process is of an allergic-infectious nature and affects older people. Inflammation of the skin tissue of the scrotum can develop against the background of diabetes mellitus and weakened immunity. In addition, inflammatory processes are affected by the presence of other infections in the body and damage to the skin.
Inflammation of the skin of the scrotum begins with fever and chills. Subsequently, the patient begins to vomit and develop pain in the muscles and joints. The immediate symptoms on the skin of the scrotum are redness and swelling. In some cases, blisters filled with blood or another substance appear on the skin. Treating the disease yourself is dangerous. Inflammation of the skin is treated with the same means as diseases of other organs in the scrotum. In addition to antibiotics, patients may be prescribed vitamins and medications to boost immunity.
If you want to receive high-quality treatment, we recommend contacting the Poema Health clinic in St. Petersburg.
