Treatment of papillomas in the intimate area in women and men

Intraductal papilloma (ductal papilloma).

Removal of papilloma on the nipple

Ductal papilloma (intraductal papilloma) occurs near the nipple; removal of papilloma on the nipple is possible using electrocoagulation under local anesthesia. Signs of intraductal papilloma (or nipple papilloma) are the appearance of blood-stained or transparent discharge from one nipple. Ductal papilloma is often a precancerous condition. Treatment of papillomas on the nipple and intraductal papilloma is carried out by a mammologist-oncologist.

On the picture:

papillomas on the face

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is widespread throughout the world. HPV causes warts, papillomas, and genital warts. Different types of human papillomavirus (there are more than 100 of them) cause different diseases.

Genital warts are small skin-colored formations, their size ranges from 1 mm to several centimeters. Genital warts can form on the genitals, near the anus, on the face, even in the mouth, on the body, abdomen, in the groin area, and in the armpits. This is a viral disease. The causative agent of genital warts is the human papillomavirus (HPV).

In men, the glans penis and frenulum of the foreskin are most often affected. In women, damage by the human papillomavirus appears on the labia, clitoris, vagina, and cervix.

Genital warts can be localized around the anus.

From single ones, genital warts can grow into rashes that can spread, taking on the appearance of cauliflower. “High-risk” HPV types (16, 18, 31, 33 and 35) cause cervical dysplasia and can become malignant.

Histology and oncocytology for papillomas

HPV is dangerous for the body.

Especially for women.

In them, the presence of papillomas can result in cervical cancer.

But the virus is dangerous in men too.

In both sexes, HPV causes squamous cell carcinoma.

In total, about 180 types of virus are known.

Of these, 29 have oncogenic potential.

Therefore, it is advisable to examine women with identified papillomas.

They need regular monitoring while the virus is in the body.

Even if the papillomas are removed, the risk of cancer remains.

To avoid pathology, it is worth taking a smear for oncocytology once every six months.

It is taken from the cervix.

The doctor checks whether there are atypical cells in it.

If necessary, if the result of an oncocytology test is unfavorable, clarifying studies are prescribed.

The doctor performs a colposcopy.

Using a special device, he examines the vaginal part of the cervix under a magnification of several tens of times.

This way the doctor can see pathologically changed areas of the epithelium.

Before developing into cancer, the papilloma virus causes dysplasia.

At first it has the first degree, then the second.

Both are reversible.

The first degree regresses on its own in most women, the second - only in 30%.

With the third degree, the risk of degeneration into cancer reaches 80%.

Therefore, grade 2-3 dysplasia is an indication for surgical treatment.

Pathological areas of the altered epithelium are “cauterized.”

This helps prevent cancer.

Timely performance of oncocytology is of utmost importance in the early detection of dysplasia.

A woman who is not lazy to visit a gynecologist once every six months can prevent cervical cancer with almost 100% success.

Sometimes, at the time of removal, papillomas already look suspicious.

In unfavorable cases, they can degenerate into squamous cell carcinoma.

Then they are sent for histological examination after removal.

The doctor examines the structure of the tissue and looks for signs of malignancy.

Histological diagnosis is also used if it is necessary to distinguish papilloma from other benign skin tumors.

If signs of malignancy are detected, the scope of the operation can be expanded.

Next, we will consider what methods are used to remove papillomas, what advantages and disadvantages they have.

Genital warts - routes of infection

The route of infection with HPV is contact. But household infection with the human papillomavirus is also possible. When a person comes into contact with infected skin or mucous membranes of a sick person, HPV infection occurs. Very often, this does not appear outwardly; the virus may not show itself for a long time. But under certain conditions (decreased immunity, concomitant diseases), HPV is released onto the surface of the skin and mucous membranes. In a latent (dormant) state, infection of other people with HPV is rare. From the moment of HPV infection to the appearance of genital warts, it can take from several weeks to several years.

Photo of condylomas on the genitals and in the perianal area

There are “low-risk” and “high-risk” types of HPV. Genital warts are caused by “low-risk” HPV types 6 and 11.

Tests for an immunologist and an immunogram for pubic papillomas

Papillomas almost always appear against a background of reduced immunity.

Therefore, patients need to consult an immunologist and conduct a study of the activity of the immune system.

This is necessary because:

• allows us to predict the development of the disease
• makes it possible to select immunomodulatory therapy

A person with poor immunity suffers not only from papillomas.

He exposes himself to the risk of dangerous infectious diseases.

Nonspecific inflammatory processes may occur in the body.

Therefore, even after removal of papillomas, it is worth adjusting the immune system.

This will help avoid recurrence of the formation of anogenital warts.

It will also prevent other diseases of infectious origin.

Treatment of papillomas, condylomas (HPV)

• performed on the body by a dermatologist-cosmetologist,
• on the male genitals - urologist,
• for women - a gynecologist,
• in the area of ​​the anus and perineum - a proctologist.

There is now a treatment that is highly likely to eliminate HPV infection. Modern treatment for genital warts can not only remove or reduce the symptoms of the disease, it eliminates the HPV infection and prevents further transmission of the virus in many cases. However, after any treatment method, relapses are possible.

• Laser removal of genital warts is performed under local anesthesia.
• Electrocoagulation, removal of genital warts using high temperature, is carried out under local anesthesia.
• Interferon blockades (genital warts are injected with an interferon drug).
• Radio wave removal of condylomas. Today, the most effective method for removing genital warts. There is no trace left of condylomas.

Electrocoagulation of pubic papillomas

The method of electrocoagulation of pubic papillomas in women and men allows the papillomas to be cauterized or separated from the body due to temperature exposure.

The tissues become very hot and are destroyed.

Using electrocoagulation, you can both “burn” the papilloma and separate it from the body.

This makes it possible to send the formation for histological examination.

Other advantages of the method:

• possibility of removing even large pubic papillomas
• absence of bleeding, as simultaneous coagulation of blood vessels occurs
• low risk of relapse

Electrocoagulation also has disadvantages.

The method has a greater risk of scarring than other methods, which will be discussed below.

When removing pubic papillomas using electrocoagulation, the doctor needs to use anesthesia.

Because this procedure is painful.

After it, pain may occur.

Because nearby tissues also heat up and become damaged.

Advantages of treating human papillomavirus at Deltaclinic

• Our clinic has all the necessary specialists (dermatologist, dermatologist-oncologist, proctologist, urologist, gynecologist) who remove condylomas and papillomas of any location.
• The most modern equipment (lasers, electrocoagulation, radio wave), which allows you to get rid of condylomas on the day of the visit.
• Condylomas are removed without leaving a trace. Excellent cosmetic effect - no trace remains on the skin and mucous membranes.
• Fast healing time.
• An accurate diagnosis of the type of papillomavirus is carried out. General immunostimulating and antiviral therapy is prescribed.
• Removal of candylomas is carried out on an outpatient basis; hospitalization is not required.

Photo:

Surgitron device for non-surgical (radio wave) removal of condylomas.

Do not delay your visit to the doctor, genital warts must be removed! If papillomas are not removed, they can spread throughout the body. The virus can be transmitted to other people with whom an HPV-infected person comes into contact. A woman can infect her fetus during childbirth. Cases of familial infection with the human papillomavirus are common.

Removal of papillomas with liquid nitrogen

Cryodestruction is one of the oldest methods in dermatology.

It is also the most accessible.

Any dermatologist, including a public clinic, can remove pubic papillomas with liquid nitrogen.

Because this does not require special equipment.

You just need to take a stick with cotton wool, dip it in liquid nitrogen and press it onto the papilloma for a few seconds.

This is how tissue is frozen.

And frozen tissue subsequently dies.

The method has both advantages and disadvantages.

Its advantages:

• no anesthesia is required, since removing pubic papillomas with nitrogen is almost painless
• low costs for the procedure itself
• no need to buy anesthetics or pay for an anesthetic injection
• You can remove papillomas with nitrogen from any doctor - it’s a simple and affordable procedure

But there are also disadvantages.

After the procedure, an inflammatory reaction is observed and the patient experiences pain.

Only the smallest papillomas can be removed.

And if they are large, there is a risk of freezing the tissue too deeply.

In this case, scars will appear on the skin.

They can also form if a person's skin is too thin and vulnerable.

Then even the usual time of exposure to liquid nitrogen on the papilloma may become excessive for the patient.

Once the formation is frozen, it will not be possible to send it for histological examination.

This is another disadvantage of this procedure.

But it still remains one of the tools for removing papillomas for dermatologists.

Because it makes it possible to quickly and effectively remove many small formations on the pubis.

Pubic papillomas: immunological treatment and antiviral drugs

After papillomas are removed, doctors often prescribe treatment to suppress the virus.

Applicable:

• means for stimulating the immune system
• general antiviral drugs

Interferons are most often prescribed.

They simultaneously stimulate the immune system, kill viruses and have antiproliferative activity.

Used locally and systemically.

Local interferons have low effectiveness against HPV.

Therefore, they are rarely used in monotherapy.

Mostly prescribed in addition to systemic medications.

For pubic papillomas, alpha interferon is prescribed intramuscularly or subcutaneously.

It is used in a dose of 1.5 to 3 million IU, every other day.

The course of treatment is 1 month.

After such a course, papillomas sometimes disappear even without their physical removal.

Local therapy is also used.

The drugs are injected into the lesions or applied in the form of a gel.

Cytokine inducers are also used.

Imiquimod is prescribed as a 5% cream at night.

It is used in a course of several months.

Warts disappear in 50-60% of cases.

Without treatment, over the same period they disappear in only 15% of patients.

For the treatment of HPV, inducers of endogenous interferon synthesis can be prescribed.

They are mainly used in combination with the destruction of pubic warts.

The drug Gepon is used.

Mechanisms of action:

• increased interferon production
• suppression of HPV replication
• increased macrophage activity
• decreased cytokine production and decreased inflammatory response
• increased antibody production
• increased nonspecific resistance of the body

The drug is prescribed orally at a dose of 2 mg, 3 times a week.

Other medicines that may also be used include:

Isoprinosine - a course of 5 days, 50 mg per kg per day in three doses, a total of 3 courses are needed.

Panavir - after one injection increases the level of leukocyte interferon by 3 times.

Glycyrrhizic acid – activates local immunity, blocks the introduction of the virus into the cell.

There are many other drugs that destroy viruses or enhance immunity.

Which of them should be prescribed is decided by the immunologist.

The decision is made based on the results of the immunogram.

Keloid and hypertrophic scars after removal of papillomas

Sometimes scars form after removal of papillomas.

More often they occur if the removal was carried out at home or by an incompetent specialist.

A greater risk of scarring occurs when using folk remedies or chemical cauterization.

Correct implementation of destructive procedures reduces the risk of scar formation to a minimum.

But still, in a certain percentage of patients they appear.

Even if the most modern methods are used and the papilloma is removed by an experienced doctor, scars may appear.

This occurs when the deep layers of the skin are damaged.

Subsequently, such scars can also be removed.

There are also drugs that significantly reduce their size.

Chemical coagulation of papillomas

Chemical coagulation is one of the methods for removing pubic papillomas.

Concentrated solutions of acids or alkalis are used.

They cause a chemical burn to the skin at the site of application.

After this, the damaged tissues die.

The drugs Feresol and Solcoderm are used.

These methods are effective, but sometimes they can be quite traumatic.

Patients often use these drugs on their own.

In this case, the solutions enter the surrounding tissues, causing their necrosis.

In the future, scarring is possible if the impact was too deep.

Papillomas in an intimate place during pregnancy

Features of the course of pregnancy in the presence of papilloma in an intimate place:

• There is a high probability of malignancy of the formations.
• Effect on the fetus: high probability of infection of the newborn after passing through the birth canal. Papillomatosis of the oral cavity and throat or respiratory tract develops.
• If during pregnancy there is active growth and proliferation of papillomas, a threat to the life of the fetus appears, the doctor considers removing the tumors. The method of destroying papillomas is chosen by the doctor depending on the condition of the expectant mother’s body and the degree of development of the disease.
• During childbirth, bleeding may begin due to neoplasms, so delivery by cesarean section is preferable.

Causes of papillomas

Provoking factors for the appearance of papillomas:

• Hypovitaminosis and vitamin deficiency;
• Overwork;
• Nervous-emotional stress;
• Hormonal disorders;
• Harmful factors: smoking, drinking alcohol, drugs;
• Long-term use of contraceptives containing hormones (pills, IUDs, vaginal ring);
• Reduced immunity;
• Early onset of sexual activity;
• Promiscuous sexual intercourse;
• sex without using barrier methods of contraception;

Folk remedies for removing pubic papillomas

The use of folk remedies is ineffective in most cases.

Often folk recipes are not pathogenetically justified.

They are based on conspiracies, ineffective plants, etc.

Sometimes such methods work, because in 15% of cases papillomas disappear on their own.

Usually, no result can be achieved.

The exception is when plants that have a cytotoxic effect or can cause a chemical burn to the skin are used.

The fight against papillomas can be effective if you use:

• thuja juice
• celandine

Podophyllotoxin used in medicine is also of plant origin.

But the plant from which it is made grows in North America.

Laser vaporization of pubic papillomas

A laser is used to destroy pubic papillomas.

With short pulses, the tissues are heated to such an extent that they simply evaporate.

In this case, the areas of skin located next to the papilloma are not affected.

The laser allows you to evaporate papilloma with maximum precision.

There is a risk of scarring, but it is small.

Less than when using electrocoagulation.

The laser coagulates blood vessels more effectively.

This is a non-contact technique.

Therefore, there is not the slightest risk of wound infection during the procedure.

If the infection gets into the skin, this can only happen after removal, if the patient does not follow the doctor’s recommendations.

But there are also disadvantages.

Only small or medium-sized papillomas can be removed.

Large formations are usually not removed with a laser, preferring other methods.

Plus, there is no material left for histological examination.

If it is necessary, then preference is given to other methods of combating pubic papillomas.