Indications and contraindications for galvanic cleaning

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Oily or acne-prone skin requires deep cleansing to remove various secretions and waste products from the pores. Sometimes ordinary cosmetic products, such as creams and lotions, are enough, but they cannot compare with professional cleaning using a galvanic facial cleansing machine. Electricity gives a stronger and brighter effect in the fight against problem skin. One of the most effective facial procedures, which has earned positive reviews and recommendations from doctors, is disincrustation. The galvanic facial cleansing method not only removes various imperfections, but also softens the skin, moisturizes and relaxes the tissue, which helps remove toxins and sebum from the pores. It also simulates blood circulation, saturates the skin with oxygen, helps clear sinuses and reduces nasal congestion.

Galvanic cleaning: what is it?

The procedure uses a special apparatus, the operation of which is based on the production of galvanic current. With its help, electrophoresis is activated. This is a process in which electricity is the driving force behind dispersed particles.

If you bring a negatively charged electrode close to the skin, it will begin to attract positively charged ions. Under the influence of current, they become active atoms, lowering the pH of the skin, alkalizing it.

The procedure uses a special solution. Most often we are talking about 5% sodium chloride, 1% sodium bicarbonate or 2% sodium salicylate. When the environment in the pores changes, saponification of the triglycerides that make up sebum occurs. Sebaceous plugs come to the surface and are removed manually by a cosmetologist. Under the influence of acidic electrolysis products, the bonds between the cells of the stratum corneum are destroyed, promoting their exfoliation.

Preparations for electroplating in cosmetology

What products are used during the procedure depend on its type. Drugs for disincrustation and iontophoresis will be very different. For the first type of galvanization, special alkaline solutions are used. Usually the main agents are sodium carbonate or sodium chloride. Also, professional cosmetic preparations, in addition to the indicated compounds, may contain potassium or magnesium. These substances help enhance the effects of galvanic current.

For iontophoresis, completely different drugs are used. As a rule, a variety of vitamins, acids, plant extracts, and mesotherapy cocktails are used as therapeutic agents.

Mesotherapy cocktails

The specialist himself chooses this or that drug, guided by the condition of the patient’s skin, as well as what problem this or that drug should be aimed at solving. For example, gyluronic acid helps smooth out wrinkles, and salicylic acid fights inflammation and skin impurities.

Indications for galvanic facial cleansing

Disincrustation is carried out in the following cases75:

open and closed comedones;
acne (except for periods of exacerbation);
oily and combination skin;
the first signs of photoaging;
melasma;
post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation;
seborrhea.

If the comedones are shallow, the device allows you to clean the pores, completely replacing mechanical cleaning. When they are deep, these two procedures are combined to achieve a better effect.74

The effect of galvanic current on the skin

Galvanic current causes loosening of the skin, saponification of the secretions of the sebaceous glands, increasing vascular permeability and the intensity of cellular metabolism. However, negative and positive electrodes have completely different effects on tissue. Knowing the features of their action, we can choose the pole of the working (active) electrode when solving cosmetic problems.

Electrodes of the device	Cathode ( - )	Anode (+)
Receptor response	< Excitability < Sensitivity	> Excitability > Sensitivity
Secretory activity (sebaceous and sweat glands)	< Secretion of glands	> Secretion of glands
Vascular reaction	Arterial hyperemia	Arterial hyperemia turns into venous
Skin pore tone	Opening of pores	Closing Pores
Changes in skin pH	Alkalinization (increasing pH)	Increased skin acidity (decreased pH)

By cleansing the pores of the face, we use the ability of the cathode to alkalize the skin and open the mouths of the follicles. The action of the anode leads to the opposite effects, so it is used at the end of the procedure.

Contraindications to facial disincrustation

Contraindications can be divided into general and specific, which are taken into account only when the procedure is performed on the face.

General contraindications include75:

inflammatory and purulent processes;
oncological diseases;
pregnancy;
individual intolerance to current;
the presence of large areas with a violation of the integrity of the skin;
systemic skin diseases;
pacemaker;
renal or heart failure.

If galvanic facial cleansing (disincrustation) is performed on the face, the contraindications will be75:

eczema;
inflammatory acne elements;
thyroid diseases;
dental cysts;
tooth sensitivity;
platinum or gold reinforcement.

The procedure is not recommended for dry skin types. The list of contraindications may be wider. Before galvanic cleaning, you should consult a dermatologist or cosmetologist. The specialist will tell you about the pros and cons of the method, and whether it is right for you specifically.

Efficiency

The effect of galvanophoresis is primarily manifested in the deep cleansing of pores and the release of sebaceous plugs, due to which the skin begins to breathe and become saturated with oxygen. The result is an acceleration of metabolic processes and a general improvement in skin condition.
Disincrustation helps get rid of acne, blackheads and pimples, improve complexion, and regulates the activity of the sebaceous glands.
The procedure helps soften and moisturize the skin, relax tissues, and facilitate the removal of decay products.
For aging skin, cleansing helps restore elasticity, increase skin tone, smooth out small wrinkles, and improve facial contours. This effect is achieved due to the ability of galvanic current to stimulate collagen production, improve skin structure and accelerate lymphatic drainage.
Cleaning is a safe and effective way to speed up skin regeneration. It has been proven that after the procedure, epidermal cells acquire a denser structure, resulting in healthier skin.
Galvanophoresis helps clear sinuses and reduces nasal congestion.

How is the facial galvanization procedure performed?

Galvanic cleaning does not require preparation. Throughout the entire procedure, the patient holds a neutral electrode in his hands, which makes it possible to generate a galvanic current. The session is carried out in several stages75:

The cosmetologist cleanses the face of cosmetics and dust particles that settle on the face.
The specialist prepares the electrode: wraps it in a napkin, which is soaked in a special solution (disincrustant); alternatively, a fabric mask soaked in it can be placed on the patient’s face. The electrode may look like a sponge roller soaked in an electrolyte solution.
The cosmetologist treats the face with a negative electrode, paying special attention to the T-zone and problem areas. Next, the specialist changes the polarity of the electrode to restore the acid-base balance. At the end of the procedure, a restorative agent is applied to the face.

Most often, treating the skin with electric current does not cause pain, but in some cases patients note tingling sensations. The session lasts about half an hour. To achieve maximum effect, the procedure is carried out in a course of 4 sessions, with a 2-4 week break between them. The course must be repeated approximately once every 2-3 months.75

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Is skin care necessary after galvanophoresis?

Galvanic cleansing is most effective in cleansing the skin, but it is not a way to treat acne. After the procedure, the skin restores normal breathing and healthy color. In addition to the cleansing effect, it is possible to achieve its regeneration and rejuvenation. The structure of epithelial cells becomes denser, the procedure contributes to less sebum production.

In the first three days after the procedure, the sensitivity of the skin increases, so it is necessary to protect it from UV rays, mechanical stress, and aggressive cosmetics, because this can aggravate the acne problem. It is also necessary to avoid visiting the sauna, swimming pool, and solarium. The cosmetologist will recommend masks for home care that will help the skin recover.75

Expert opinion

Cosmetologist
Surgeon

Anna Avaliani

practicing cosmetologist

Galvanizaya has proven herself to be excellent. With its help, it not only cleanses the skin, but also reduces wrinkles and tightens pores.

Aisha Baron

plastic surgeon

Using galvanic cleaning you can achieve good results. The big advantage of the method is its low price. But not all salons and clinics have such a service, because to conduct a session you need to purchase a special device. After the procedure, pores are cleaned, wrinkles are reduced, and the functioning of the sebaceous glands is normalized.

Why do acne* not go away after galvanization?

Galvanophoresis is a cosmetological technique that can be used as an auxiliary procedure in the treatment of acne. The main therapy should be medication and prescribed by a dermatologist. The first reason why acne does not go away* is that the patient visits a cosmetologist, but neglects the dermatologist’s prescriptions.

Lack of progress in treatment may be due to the fact that the cause of acne has been incorrectly identified or not identified at all. For example, if the appearance of acne is associated with a hormonal imbalance, you must additionally contact an endocrinologist. Problems with the gastrointestinal tract require monitoring by a gastroenterologist. Each specialist can prescribe additional medications in addition to those prescribed by the dermatologist.

Comedones removal

A comedon is an accumulation of sebum, dead cells and microorganisms. Upon contact with air, this conglomerate undergoes oxidation and therefore acquires a dark color. This is how a black dot appears. It can reach approximately 1 mm. in diameter.

Comedones (blackheads) should be removed in a timely manner: in addition to the unaesthetic nature of blackheads, the very presence of a sebaceous plug leads to many unpleasant consequences.

Due to constant stretching, the follicle walls (pores) lose their elasticity. The micromuscles responsible for the tone of the follicle mouth and timely evacuation of sebum atrophy. And we see fatty cysts and rather deep “craters” in the place of former comedones.
The sebaceous plug is a wonderful breeding ground for microorganisms - inflammation that develops into pimples can easily join acne. Inflammations can vary in size and depth. Severe forms of acne are especially common in young men and can result in deep scar defects.
The altered composition of sebum and abnormal acidity (pH) irritate the skin and especially the walls of the follicle. The walls thicken. Sometimes a capsule of dense connective tissue appears around the irritating plug.

How to treat acne at home?

Azelik gel can be used in the treatment of mild to moderate acne5,9. The drug normalizes keratinization processes and reduces the level of free fatty acids on the skin5. Azelik gel exhibits antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes5. The anti-inflammatory effect of the drug can be explained by a decrease in the metabolism of neutrophils and their production of free radical forms of oxygen5.

*acne

Disincrustation technique

Apparatus for disincrustation

The skin is cleansed using conventional products: gels, milk.
The entire face is covered with an even layer of a special alkaline composition and proceed directly to the procedure itself.
Check the device: current intensity regulator (it should be set to zero) and polarity. A negative charge is required for cleaning. Having configured the device, proceed to the procedure.
They turn on the galvanic current and begin to move the electrode along the chin. The patient is informed about the possibility of a feeling of warmth, slight tingling and a metallic taste in the mouth.
Gradually increase the intensity of the current, continuing to influence the chin area. If discomfort occurs, the current strength is slightly reduced.
They continue to treat the skin, moving along the massage lines. The T-zone is especially carefully treated: chin, upper lip, nasolabial folds. When cleaning the neck, it is necessary to avoid exposure to the thyroid gland area. Movements should be smooth.
After 10-15 minutes, soap forms on the face: it is easily washed off with plain water.
Change the polarity of the electrode to positive and re-treat the entire face, which allows you to restore the normal level of skin acidity. This is a very important point in the disincrustation process.
The intensity of the galvanic current is gradually reduced to zero.
Completely removes any remaining cleansing liquid from the face.
A restorative mask is applied.
After removing the mask, moisturizer is applied to the face.

The duration of the session depends on the condition of the skin, the presence of certain problems and on average is 20-30 minutes.

Is it possible to carry out the procedure at home?

To carry out the procedure yourself, you must have a special device, knowledge of the basic rules of cleaning, and the direction of massage lines.

You can carry out disincrustation yourself

In general, galvanic cleaning at home is almost no different from a salon procedure.

The skin of the face is cleansed with milk or simply washed, then treated with tonic.
Apply an alkaline solution to the face. You can use ordinary soda solution as a conductor. It is prepared at the rate of 2 teaspoons of soda per glass of water. Another option is to purchase a ready-made gel.
Set the device to negative polarity mode.
The entire face is treated, strictly following the direction of the massage lines.
Switch the device to positive polarity and re-process the face.
Remove the remaining solution.
Apply a mask. At home, you can prepare a mask from clay, aloe juice and mineral water, which has restorative and antiseptic properties. It is kept for about 15-20 minutes, then washed off with warm water.
Apply nourishing cream to the face.

The number of procedures is determined depending on the result obtained.

Possible complications

Facial cleansing using galvanic current is rarely accompanied by undesirable effects, however, their occurrence is not excluded. If the rules of the procedure are violated, the device is configured incorrectly, or contraindications are ignored, the following complications sometimes occur:

prolonged redness of the skin;
swelling of facial tissues;
increased dryness, peeling, itching;
excess secretion of sebum (results from too frequent cleansing);
retention of a metallic taste in the mouth;
allergic reactions;
dermatological diseases.

Chemical peeling during disincrustation is prohibited